Ubuntu 17.10安装后无法使用GParted，且无法调整分区添加数据分区

Alright, let's break down your two GParted problems step by step—they’re common issues with Ubuntu’s full-disk default setup, especially on the older 17.10 release.

First, let’s get GParted functioning properly. Most of the time, this boils down to broken packages, missing dependencies, or permission issues:

• Reinstall GParted to fix corruption: Open a terminal and run these commands to refresh your package list and reinstall the tool:

  sudo apt update && sudo apt install --reinstall gparted
  

  This will replace any corrupted files and ensure all base dependencies are in place.
• Launch with root permissions: GParted requires admin access to modify partitions. Don’t just double-click the icon—either:
  • Search for "GParted" in your app menu, then enter your user password when prompted, or
  • Run sudo gparted directly in the terminal to launch it with root privileges.
• Verify critical dependencies: The libparted-fs-resize0 package is essential for partition resizing. Make sure it’s installed with:

  sudo apt install libparted-fs-resize0
  

The biggest reason you can’t resize your existing partition is simple: it’s currently mounted (your root / partition is in use while Ubuntu is running). GParted can’t modify partitions that the system is actively using. Here’s how to fix this:

• Boot from an Ubuntu Live USB/CD: You’ll need to create an Ubuntu installation media (matching your 17.10 version if possible) and boot into the "Try Ubuntu" mode. This runs Ubuntu from the USB, leaving your internal hard drive partitions unmounted and editable.
• Backup your data first: Partition operations carry a small risk of data loss—always back up important files before proceeding.
• Resize the root partition and create your data partition:
  1. In the Live environment, open GParted from the app menu.
  2. Select your internal hard drive (usually /dev/sda or /dev/nvme0n1 for SSDs) from the top-right dropdown.
  3. Right-click your root partition (labeled / or with the ext4 filesystem) and select Resize/Move. Drag the slider from the right to shrink the partition and free up unallocated space.
  4. Right-click the unallocated space, select New, set the filesystem to ext4, and give it a label like "Data".
  5. Click the green checkmark at the top to apply all changes.
• Set up automatic mounting for your new data partition:
  1. Back in your regular Ubuntu system, run blkid in the terminal to find the UUID of your new data partition (look for the label you set earlier).
  2. Open /etc/fstab with a text editor (e.g., sudo nano /etc/fstab) and add a line like this at the end:

     UUID=your-partition-uuid-here /data ext4 defaults 0 2
     

  3. Save the file (Ctrl+O then Enter in nano), exit (Ctrl+X), then test the mount with sudo mount -a. Your new data partition will now appear at /data every time you boot.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者rak r