Short answer: No—you can't upgrade PowerShell 5.0 to 5.1 on Windows 10 1511 (or the original RTM release). Here's the breakdown:

• PowerShell 5.1 is tightly integrated with later Windows 10 releases starting from version 1607 (Anniversary Update). Microsoft never rolled out a compatible Windows Management Framework (WMF) 5.1 installer for Windows 10 1511 or RTM. While WMF installers are the standard way to update PowerShell on older Windows variants, these early Windows 10 builds aren't supported for WMF 5.1.
• If you run $PSVersionTable.PSVersion to check your current version, you'll find it stays locked at 5.0 even after applying all available system updates—since the OS itself doesn't include the 5.1 update for these builds.

That said, you have two ways to use newer PowerShell versions:

1. Upgrade your Windows 10 build: Moving to version 1607 or higher will come with PowerShell 5.1 pre-installed, and it'll receive ongoing updates alongside the OS.
2. Install PowerShell Core (now PowerShell 6+): This is a standalone, cross-platform version that doesn't replace your system's built-in PowerShell 5.0. You can install it directly on Windows 10 1511, and both versions will run side-by-side without conflicts.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者gerryLowry