是否存在适配各主流初始化系统的通用显示管理器重启命令？

Great question! There isn’t a single universal command that works flawlessly across every init system, but we can break down the standard approaches for all major ones, plus a handy script to automate the process.

For systemd-based Systems #

Your go-to sudo systemctl restart display-manager is actually almost universally compatible with systemd distros (Ubuntu, Fedora, Arch, Debian 10+, etc.). Systemd uses a generic display-manager alias that maps to whatever display manager you have installed (GDM, LightDM, SDDM, etc.).

In the rare case this fails (e.g., a niche display manager that doesn’t register the alias), you can just replace display-manager with the specific service name, like sudo systemctl restart gdm or sudo systemctl restart lightdm.

For Other Common Init Systems #

If you’re working with older or non-systemd distros, here’s what to use:

• SysVinit (found in Debian 9 and earlier, CentOS 6, etc.): Use sudo service display-manager restart. Again, if the generic alias doesn’t work, specify the exact service name (e.g., sudo service lightdm restart).
• OpenRC (Gentoo, Alpine Linux, etc.): Use sudo rc-service display-manager restart. Same rule applies—fall back to the specific service name if needed.

A "Universal" Script Approach #

If you want a single command that adapts to the current init system, you can create a simple shell script:

#!/bin/bash

# Check for systemd first
if command -v systemctl >/dev/null 2>&1; then
    sudo systemctl restart display-manager
# Check for OpenRC
elif command -v rc-service >/dev/null 2>&1; then
    sudo rc-service display-manager restart
# Check for SysVinit
elif command -v service >/dev/null 2>&1; then
    sudo service display-manager restart
# Fallback for unsupported systems
else
    echo "Unsupported init system detected. Please restart your display manager manually."
    exit 1
fi

Save this as restart-display-manager, make it executable with chmod +x restart-display-manager, then run it with sudo ./restart-display-manager.

Important Note #

No matter which method you use, always save all open work first—restarting the display manager will terminate your current desktop session, and unsaved data will be lost.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Ethan McTague