从外置硬盘安装Ubuntu无法识别本机硬盘问题求助

Hey there, let's figure out why your Ubuntu 16.04 installer isn't detecting your internal drive and skipping the dual-boot option—these are the most common fixes I've seen work for this issue:

1. Tweak BIOS/UEFI Settings (Most Likely Fix) #

These settings often block Ubuntu from accessing your internal drive:

• Disable Windows Fast Startup: Windows' Fast Startup puts your internal drive in a hibernated state, which Ubuntu can't read. Boot back into Windows, go to Control Panel → Power Options → Choose what the power buttons do → Change settings that are currently unavailable, then uncheck "Turn on fast startup (recommended)". Restart and try the Ubuntu install again.
• Turn Off Secure Boot: Many modern motherboards use Secure Boot to block uncertified OSes from accessing hardware. Enter your BIOS/UEFI (press F2, Del, or F10 during boot—check your motherboard's splash screen for the key), find the Secure Boot option, and set it to Disabled.
• Switch SATA Mode to AHCI: If your motherboard is set to RAID mode, Ubuntu might not recognize your drive. In BIOS/UEFI, look for SATA Configuration or Storage Settings, then change the mode from RAID to AHCI. Note: After this, Windows might fail to boot—just boot into Windows Safe Mode once to let it load AHCI drivers, then it'll work normally.

2. Match Boot Mode to Drive Partition Table #

Ubuntu's installer needs your boot mode (UEFI/Legacy BIOS) to match your internal drive's partition table:

• To check your boot mode: In the Ubuntu live desktop, open Terminal and run ls /sys/firmware/efi. If the directory exists, you're in UEFI mode; if not, it's Legacy BIOS.
• Check your internal drive's partition table: Install GParted first with sudo apt install gparted, open it, select your internal drive (usually /dev/sda or /dev/nvme0n1 for NVMe drives), and look for the partition table type (GPT for UEFI, MBR for Legacy). If they don't match, adjust your BIOS/UEFI boot mode to align with the drive's table.

3. Rule Out External Drive Interference #

Sometimes the external install drive confuses the installer:

• Boot into the Ubuntu live desktop, then safely eject the external drive (don't do this mid-install!). Open GParted to see if your internal drive shows up. If it does, reinsert the external drive and restart the installation process.
• Also, make sure your external drive uses the same partition table type (GPT/MBR) as your internal drive—this avoids mode mismatches.

4. Manually Detect Drives via Terminal #

If the installer still doesn't see your drive, use terminal commands to confirm hardware recognition:

• Run sudo fdisk -l or sudo lsblk to list all connected drives. Look for your internal drive (it'll be larger than your external one, labeled something like /dev/sda).
• If the drive shows up here, the installer just isn't displaying it. Go back to "Something else" and manually select free space on your internal drive to create Ubuntu's partitions (you'll need a root partition / formatted as ext4, plus a swap partition if you want it).
• If the drive doesn't show up at all, Ubuntu 16.04 might lack drivers for newer hardware (like NVMe SSDs). Try using a newer LTS version (like 20.04) since it has better hardware support.

5. Recreate the Installation Media #

Corrupted install media can cause weird detection issues. Use Rufus to remake it:

• Select your Ubuntu 16.04 ISO, choose your external drive, set the partition scheme to match your boot mode (GPT for UEFI, MBR for Legacy), and write the image again. Double-check that no errors occur during the write process.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Oddrigue