Ubuntu 16.04桌面恢复及桌面菜单缺失修复咨询

云原生阿岚

2026-5-19

Hey there, let's tackle your two desktop-related issues one by one—here are tried-and-tested solutions that work for Ubuntu systems:

1. 如何恢复桌面？

The fix depends on what exactly went wrong with your desktop. Here are the most common scenarios:

Desktop icons disappeared entirely (system still runs normally)
1. Right-click on an empty area of your desktop, make sure the "Show Desktop Icons" option is checked.
2. If right-click doesn't respond, press Ctrl + Alt + T to open the terminal. For Unity desktop (default on Ubuntu 16.04), run:
```
gsettings set com.canonical.Unity.Desktop show-icons true
```
  For GNOME desktop, run:
```
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background show-desktop-icons true
```
  Log out and back in to apply the changes.
Whole desktop environment crashed (can't enter desktop, stuck at login screen)
1. At the login screen, press Ctrl + Alt + F1 to switch to a command-line terminal, then log in with your username and password.
2. Reinstall the desktop environment:
  - For Unity (Ubuntu 16.04 default):
```
sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop
```
  - For GNOME:
```
sudo apt-get install --reinstall gnome-shell
```
3. After installation finishes, run sudo reboot to restart your system.

2. Ubuntu 16.04: Desktop files are visible but menus disappeared

Since Ubuntu 16.04 uses Unity by default, missing menus are usually caused by corrupted Unity panel or Compiz configurations. Try these steps:

Reset Unity panel
Open the terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T) and run these commands one by one:
```
unity --reset-icons
unity --reset
```
Log out and log back in—this should restore the default Unity menu setup.
Reset Compiz configuration
Compiz is the window manager behind Unity; a broken config can break menus too:
1. In terminal, run:
```
dconf reset -f /org/compiz/
```
2. Then restart Unity immediately with:
```
setsid unity
```
Reinstall Unity core components
If the above methods fail, try reinstalling key Unity packages to fix any corrupted files:
```
sudo apt-get install --reinstall unity-services unity-lens-applications unity-lens-files unity-scope-home unity-scope-calculator
```
Log out and in again after the installation completes.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Ramiro Bravo