缺失/etc/hosts文件——如何在Ubuntu中创建新的hosts文件？

Hey there, it's definitely odd that your Ubuntu system doesn't have a /etc/hosts file—even more so that your LAMPP installation is missing it too. Let's get this sorted out with a straightforward, step-by-step guide:

1. Create & Edit the Hosts File via Terminal #

Since /etc is a system directory, you'll need root privileges to create and edit the file. The easiest tool for beginners is nano (no complex shortcuts to remember):

• Run this command to open a new hosts file in nano:

  sudo nano /etc/hosts
  

• Paste the sample content from the section below into the editor.
• Save and exit: Press Ctrl+O, hit Enter to confirm the filename, then press Ctrl+X.

If you prefer using vim instead, run:

sudo vim /etc/hosts

• Press i to enter insert mode, paste the sample content, then press Esc, type :wq, and hit Enter to save and exit.

2. Sample Hosts File Content #

Here's a standard, functional hosts file you can use as a base—make sure to replace your-hostname with your actual system hostname (you can check it by running hostname in the terminal):

127.0.0.1       localhost
127.0.1.1       your-hostname

# IPv6 configuration (leave this in if your system supports IPv6)
::1     ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0 ip6-localnet
ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters

3. Set Correct Permissions #

For the hosts file to work properly, it needs the right ownership and permissions. Run these two commands to fix that:

sudo chown root:root /etc/hosts
sudo chmod 644 /etc/hosts

This ensures only the root user can modify the file, while all users can read it—matching Ubuntu's default security settings.

4. Verify the Setup Works #

To make sure everything is working, test with a simple ping command:

ping localhost

You should see responses coming from 127.0.0.1. If you added a custom entry (like mapping a domain to an IP), ping that domain to confirm it resolves correctly.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者kerry