Ubuntu 16.04与Eclipse Oxygen环境下Randoop配置方法咨询（Java8项目）

Hey there! I’ve set up Randoop for Java 8 projects on Ubuntu 16.04 with Eclipse Oxygen before, so let me walk you through the process step by step:

• Make sure you have Java 8 JDK installed on your Ubuntu 16.04 system. Check with java -version—if not, run sudo apt-get install openjdk-8-jdk to install it.
• Download a Randoop version that supports Java 8 (look for releases like 4.3.x, since newer versions may require higher Java versions). Grab the randoop-all-xxx.jar file and place it in a convenient directory, e.g., ~/tools/randoop/.

2.1 Prepare Your Java Project #

• Open Eclipse and confirm your project is set to Java 8: Right-click your project → Properties → Java Build Path → Libraries, ensure the JRE System Library is Java 8. Then go to Java Compiler and set the Compiler compliance level to 1.8.

2.2 Set Up External Tools for Randoop #

This lets you run Randoop directly from Eclipse without switching to the terminal:

• Click Run → External Tools → External Tools Configurations.
• On the left, select Program, then click the plus icon (+) to create a new configuration.
• Fill in the details:
  • Name: Pick something descriptive, like Randoop Generate Tests
  • Location: Browse to your Java 8 java executable path. For OpenJDK, it’s usually /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/bin/java (confirm with which java if you’re using Oracle JDK).
  • Working Directory: Select your project’s root directory, use the variable ${workspace_loc:/YourProjectName} (replace YourProjectName with your actual project name).
  • Arguments: Enter the Randoop command parameters. Here’s a basic example:

    -jar ~/tools/randoop/randoop-all-xxx.jar gentests --testclass=com.yourpackage.YourTargetClass --outputdir=src/test/java/com/yourpackage --junit-output-style=JUnit4
    

    Breakdown of key parameters:
    • gentests: Tells Randoop to generate tests
    • --testclass: Specify the class(es) to test (separate multiple classes with commas)
    • --outputdir: Directory to save generated test files (match your project’s test directory structure)
    • --junit-output-style=JUnit4: Generates JUnit 4 tests (Eclipse Oxygen has great support for this)
    • Optional extras: --timelimit=60 (limit test generation to 60 seconds), --maxsize=100 (max statements per test method)
• Switch to the Environment tab, add or confirm JAVA_HOME points to your Java 8 JDK path (e.g., /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64).
• Click Apply to save the configuration.

• Launch the Randoop configuration via Run → External Tools → Randoop Generate Tests.
• Navigate to the outputdir you specified—you’ll find generated test classes like YourTargetClassTest.java.
• Right-click the test class in Eclipse → Run As → JUnit Test to execute the tests.
• If you hit compilation errors, chances are you’re missing dependencies in Randoop’s classpath. Add the --classpath parameter to your arguments, including your project’s compiled class directory and any dependency jars:

  --classpath=bin:/path/to/your/project/deps/commons-lang3.jar:/path/to/another/dep.jar
  

• To generate tests for an entire package, use --testpackage=com.yourpackage instead of --testclass.
• Randoop’s generated tests might have redundant cases—feel free to clean them up (delete unnecessary methods, adjust assertions) to fit your project’s needs.
• Stick to Randoop versions that explicitly support Java 8 to avoid compatibility issues.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Pooja