关于egrep提取特定关键字的输出格式调整需求

Got it, let's figure out how to adjust your egrep command's output to match your expected format. First, a quick note: your original command has a tiny syntax hiccup — the ** before the pattern is unnecessary (probably a typo), so the base working command should be:

egrep -i 'pid|material|behavior=m' test.inc

Below are common formatting tweaks based on typical use cases. Pick the one that fits your needs, or let me know if you have a specific output layout in mind!

1. Extract & Align Specific Fields #

If you want to pull out only the pid, material, and behavior=m key-value pairs from matching lines and align them neatly:

egrep -i 'pid|material|behavior=m' test.inc | awk '{
    for (i=1; i<=NF; i++) {
        if ($i ~ /^pid=/ || $i ~ /^material=/ || $i ~ /^behavior=m/) {
            printf "%-18s ", $i  # Adjust the number to control column width
        }
    }
    print ""
}'

This will left-align each matched field in an 18-character column, making the output clean and easy to scan.

2. Group Output by Keyword #

If you want all pid lines grouped together, followed by material lines, then behavior=m lines:

# Simple sorting approach
egrep -i 'pid|material|behavior=m' test.inc | sort -k1,1 -f

# More structured grouped output with headers
awk '
    /pid/i { pid_lines = pid_lines $0 "\n" }
    /material/i { mat_lines = mat_lines $0 "\n" }
    /behavior=m/i { beh_lines = beh_lines $0 "\n" }
    END {
        print "=== PID Entries ==="
        print pid_lines
        print "=== Material Entries ==="
        print mat_lines
        print "=== Behavior=m Entries ==="
        print beh_lines
    }
' test.inc

The second option adds clear section headers for better readability.

3. Only Show Matching Keyword Parts (No Extra Line Content) #

If you don't need the entire line, just the exact pid=..., material=..., or behavior=m... matches:

egrep -io 'pid=[^[:space:]]+|material=[^[:space:]]+|behavior=m[^[:space:]]*' test.inc

The -o flag tells egrep to output only the matched parts, and [^[:space:]]+ grabs everything until the next space.

4. Format as CSV (For Spreadsheets) #

If you need the output in comma-separated values to import into a table:

awk -v OFS="," '
    /pid|material|behavior=m/i {
        pid = ""; mat = ""; beh = ""
        for (i=1; i<=NF; i++) {
            if ($i ~ /^pid=/i) pid = substr($i, 5)  # Strip "pid=" from the start
            else if ($i ~ /^material=/i) mat = substr($i, 10)  # Strip "material="
            else if ($i ~ /^behavior=m/i) beh = substr($i, 11)  # Strip "behavior=m"
        }
        print pid, mat, beh
    }
' test.inc

This will create a CSV where each row has the corresponding pid, material, and behavior values (empty fields stay blank).

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Nayak