Heroku Ruby Buildpack二次部署推送失败问题求助

API 探路者

2026-4-13

大家好，我最近把Ruby版本从3.1.7升级到3.2.8之后遇到了一个棘手的问题：Heroku上的应用第一次部署能正常完成bundle install，但之后所有的二次部署都卡在了依赖检测环节。这个问题在2台不同的Heroku服务器上都能复现，我试过多种方式清除缓存、回滚服务器后重新部署、带着新代码清除缓存再部署，都没能解决。而且本地环境完全没问题，开发/测试环境和生产环境的区别只在于多了capybara、pry、rubocop这类测试开发工具。

下面是部署推送时遇到的错误日志：

remote: -----&gt; Using Ruby version: ruby-3.2.8
remote: -----&gt; Installing bundler 2.3.5
remote: -----&gt; Installing dependencies using bundler 2.3.5
remote:        Running: BUNDLE_WITHOUT='development:test' BUNDLE_PATH=vendor/bundle BUNDLE_BIN=vendor/bundle/bin BUNDLE_DEPLOYMENT=1 bundle install -j4
remote:        Bundle complete! 59 Gemfile dependencies, 138 gems now installed.
remote:        Gems in the groups 'development' and 'test' were not installed.
remote:        Bundled gems are installed into `./vendor/bundle`
remote:        Bundle completed (0.41s)
remote:        Cleaning up the bundler cache.
remote:        Running: bundle list
remote:        Could not find mini_portile2-2.8.8 in any of the sources
remote:        Install missing gems with `bundle install`.
remote:
remote:  !
remote:  !     Error detecting dependencies
remote:  !
remote:  !     The Ruby buildpack requires information about your application’s dependencies to
remote:  !     complete the build. Without this information, the Ruby buildpack cannot continue.
remote:  !
remote:  !     Command failed: `bundle list`
remote:  !
remote:  !     Could not find mini_portile2-2.8.8 in any of the sources
remote:  !     Install missing gems with `bundle install`.
remote:  !
remote:  !     Push rejected, failed to compile Ruby app.
remote:
remote:  !     Push failed
remote: Verifying deploy...
remote:
remote: ! Push rejected to [app name]

我的应用环境信息：

Rails版本：6.1.7.10
Node版本：16.13.2
Heroku栈：Heroku-22
Ruby版本：3.2.8

运行heroku releases:output -a [app name]时，还看到了这个错误：

bundler: failed to load command: rake (/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.2.0/bin/rake) /app/vendor/ruby-3.2.8/lib/ruby/3.2.0/bundler/definition.rb:910:in `block in verify_changed_sources!': Could not find gem 'capybara' in locally installed gems (Bundler::GemNotFound)

我现在有点摸不着头绪，想问问大家有没有下一步排查的建议？

补充说明：我把Gemfile也附在下面了，有个奇怪的点是刚才在生产环境运行heroku releases:output居然提到了开发环境的gem（capybara），我正在排查这个点。

当前使用的工具版本：

Bundler v2.3.5（之前是v2.1.4，作为排查步骤的一部分升级了）
ruby 3.2.8p263

在Heroku服务器上运行bundle platform得到的输出：

[DEPRECATED] Your lockfile contains a single rubygems source section with multiple remotes, which is insecure. Make sure you run `bundle install` in non frozen mode and commit the result to make your lockfile secure.
Your app has gems that work on these platforms:
* ruby
Your Gemfile specifies a Ruby version requirement:
* ruby 3.2.8
Your current platform satisfies the Ruby version requirement.

编辑后的Gemfile内容：

source 'https://rubygems.org'
git_source(:github) { |repo| "https://github.com/#{repo}.git" }

# TODO TEMP: Psych4 gem incompatible with Rails 6.1. Remove line after Rails 7.0.4+
gem 'psych', '< 4.0'
# TODO TEMP: keep concurrent-ruby to 1.3.4 until Rails 7.1
gem 'concurrent-ruby', '1.3.4'

#dotenv recomends being the first gem included
gem 'dotenv-rails', groups: [:development, :test] # application environment vars

# RAILS DEFAULTS

gem 'rails', '~> 6.1.7.10'         # Provides rails framework
gem 'pg', '~> 1.2'              # Use postgres with Active Record
gem 'puma', '>= 5.6.4'            # Use Puma as the app server
gem 'sass-rails', '>= 6'      # Use SCSS for stylesheets
gem 'webpacker', '~> 4.0'
gem 'jquery-rails', '>=4.3.4'   # Use jquery as the Javascript library
gem 'turbo-rails'               # Hotwire's SPA-like page accelerator, to replace the old turbolink
gem 'redis', '~> 4.5'           # In memory datastore, required by actioncable
                                # and sidekiq
# Use Active Storage variant
gem "spring", group: :development

# Reduces boot times through caching; required in config/boot.rb
gem 'bootsnap', '>= 1.7.5', require: false
# bootsnap requires this, but from ruby 2.7, this is no longer bundled with ruby
gem 'scanf'
# as of ruby 3.0, rexml is no longer a default gem for ruby, and since it's used by simplecov and webdriver
gem 'rexml'

# CUSTOM GEMS (omitted, very few in numbers)

# OUR FAVORITE GEMS

gem 'devise'                      # User authentication
gem 'devise-security'             # Additional security options
gem 'pundit'                      # Controller action permissions
gem 'will_paginate'               # Simple pagination helpers
gem "sidekiq", '<7'               # Enables ActiveJob
gem 'sinatra', require: false     # dependency of sidekiqs web console
gem 'paperclip'                   # file attachments to models
gem 'aws-sdk-s3'                  # s3 file storage
gem 'aws-sdk-states'              # aws step functions
gem 'scout_apm'                   # performance monitor
gem 'pgsync'                      # sync data across postgres dbs

# FRONTEND

gem 'font_awesome5_rails'         # Loads of icons
gem 'd3-rails'                    # d3 for info visualization
gem 'rubyXL'                      # parse a template and modify .xlsx file
gem 'gradient'                    # color gradient in ruby
gem "view_component", '~> 3.0.0'  # using ViewComponent for reusable frontend elements

# APP SPECIFIC

gem 'oj'                          # Better json parser
gem 'sidekiq-scheduler', '<5'     # schedule cron-like jobs with sidekiq
gem 'fugit'                       # cron expression parser

group :production do
  # For mail on heroku
  gem 'postmark-rails', '>= 0.10.0'
end

group :development, :test do
  gem 'pry-byebug'                          # Debugging console
  gem 'simplecov'                           # Code coverage for tests
  gem 'simplecov-cobertura', require: false # Code coverage report
  gem 'capybara', '~> 3.35'                 # integration testing tool
  gem 'selenium-webdriver', '~> 4.11'       # manages test browser
  gem 'database_cleaner'                    # Used by Datum::Transactions module
  gem 'minitest-retry'                      # For retrying flaky system tests
end

group :development do
  gem 'listen', '~> 3.5.1'        # Dependency of spring
  gem 'memory_profiler'           # For memory profiling
  gem 'rack-mini-profiler'        # in app profiler
  gem 'rubocop', '~>1.37.1', require: false
  gem 'rubocop-minitest', '~> 0.13.0'
  gem 'rubocop-rails'
  gem 'rubocop-performance'
end

# Windows does not include zoneinfo files, so bundle the tzinfo-data gem
gem 'tzinfo-data', platforms: [:mingw, :mswin, :x64_mingw, :jruby]

# security checks
gem 'brakeman'

# Reek code smelling
gem 'reek'

# sentry for exception reporting
gem "sentry-ruby"
## integrations for sentry
gem "sentry-rails"
gem "sentry-sidekiq"

# Contributed System credential for paid GEMs
source "https://gems.contribsys.com/" do
  gem 'sidekiq-pro'                        # advanced sidekiq package
end

ruby "3.2.8"

备注：内容来源于stack exchange，提问作者G987