Git子模块开发（含分离头指针场景）：如何推送变更至远程仓库？

Got it, let's break down how to handle this detached HEAD situation in your submodule and get your changes pushed properly. Here's a step-by-step guide tailored to your scenario:

First, a quick context: When a parent repo uses a submodule, it references the submodule by a specific commit SHA (not a branch). That's why cloning the parent repo and initializing submodules lands you in a detached HEAD state in the submodule—Git checks out that exact SHA, not a named branch.

1. Create or switch to a branch in the submodule #

You can't push directly from a detached HEAD, so first attach your changes to a branch. Navigate into your submodule directory first:

cd path/to/your/submodule

• If you want to create a new branch based on your current detached commit:

  git checkout -b my-feature-branch  # Replace with your preferred branch name
  

• If you already have an existing branch to work with (like main or a feature branch you started earlier):

  git checkout existing-branch
  # If your detached changes aren't on this branch, cherry-pick them over:
  git cherry-pick <your-detached-commit-sha>
  

2. Commit your changes in the submodule #

Now that you're on a proper branch, stage and commit your work:

git add .  # Stage all modified files, or specify individual files if needed
git commit -m "Add X feature / Fix Y bug"  # Write a clear, descriptive message

3. Push the submodule branch to its remote #

First, double-check the submodule's remote repository is the one you intend to push to (run git remote -v to confirm). Then push your branch:

git push origin my-feature-branch  # Replace with your branch name

If you need to push to the submodule's default branch (like main), merge your feature branch into main in the submodule first, then push the main branch.

4. Update the parent repository's submodule reference #

Back in the parent repo, Git will detect that the submodule's commit has changed. You need to stage and commit this update to keep the parent repo in sync with the submodule's latest state:

cd ../..  # Navigate back to the parent repo root
git add path/to/your/submodule
git commit -m "Update [submodule-name] to latest commit on my-feature-branch"
# Optional: Push this parent repo update if your team needs to see the submodule change
git push origin main

Quick Tips to Avoid Future Headaches: #

• Always switch to a branch first: Every time you work on the submodule, make sure you checkout your target branch (instead of working directly in detached HEAD).
• Pulling submodule updates later: If someone else pushes changes to the submodule's remote, run git submodule update --remote in the parent repo to fetch and checkout the latest commit on the submodule's configured branch.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者einpoklum