Linux下如何针对特定TTYn永久设置不同的登录默认Shell？

Absolutely, this is totally feasible! Here are two reliable methods to achieve this, depending on whether you want a user-specific or system-wide solution:

User-Specific Solution (No Root Required) #

This method sets bash as your default login shell, then switches to csh automatically only when you log into tty7.

1. Set bash as your default shell:
   Run this command and enter your password when prompted:

   chsh -s /bin/bash
   

   (Replace /bin/bash with the actual path to bash on your system—you can find it with which bash.)

2. Add a tty check to your bash login script:
   Bash reads either ~/.bash_profile (preferred for login shells) or ~/.profile if .bash_profile doesn't exist. Open the appropriate file in an editor:

   nano ~/.bash_profile
   

   (Or use ~/.profile if needed.)

   Add the following lines at the top of the file:

   # Switch to csh if logging into tty7
   if [ "$(tty)" = "/dev/tty7" ]; then
       exec /bin/csh -l
   fi
   

   • The exec command replaces the bash process with csh, so exiting csh will log you out directly (no returning to bash).
   • The -l flag tells csh to run as a login shell, so it loads its configuration files like ~/.cshrc and ~/.login.

3. Test it:
   Log out, then log into tty7—you should land in csh. Log into any other tty or via SSH, and you'll be in bash.

System-Wide Solution (Requires Root Access) #

If you want to apply this to all users, you can modify the system's tty configuration. Note that this depends on your init system:

For systems using systemd: #

1. Create a custom service file for tty7:

   sudo mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/getty@tty7.service.d
   sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/getty@tty7.service.d/override.conf
   

2. Add the following content to set csh as the login shell for tty7:

   [Service]
   ExecStart=
   ExecStart=-/sbin/agetty --login-program /bin/csh -o '-p -f %n' --noclear %I $TERM
   

3. Reload systemd and restart the tty7 service:

   sudo systemctl daemon-reload
   sudo systemctl restart getty@tty7.service
   

For older systems using SysV init: #

Edit /etc/inittab and find the line for tty7 (it looks like 7:2345:respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty7). Modify it to specify csh as the login shell:

7:2345:respawn:/sbin/getty -l /bin/csh 38400 tty7

Then run sudo init q to apply the changes.

Notes #

• If tty7 runs a graphical display manager (like GDM or LightDM), the text login method above won't affect your graphical session's terminal shells. For those, set the default shell in your terminal emulator's preferences.
• Make sure /bin/csh is installed on your system—if not, install it using your package manager (e.g., sudo apt install csh on Debian/Ubuntu).

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Anonymous