如何传输数据：排除100MB以上文件但保留指定扩展名大文件？

Got it, let's break down how to solve this rsync problem. You’re absolutely right that --max-size=100M alone isn’t flexible enough—it enforces a hard limit without exceptions. But rsync’s include/exclude rule hierarchy lets us build exactly the behavior you want: exclude files over 100MB, except for specific file types that can be any size.

The core idea #

Rsync processes rules top-to-bottom, and the first matching rule applies. So we’ll structure our rules to:

• First explicitly include the file extensions we want to keep (regardless of size)
• Then exclude all unincluded files that are over 100MB
• Finally include all remaining files (those under 100MB, regardless of type)

Working command example #

Let’s say you want to keep .zip, .iso, and .tar.gz files even if they’re over 100MB. Here’s the command:

rsync -av \
  --include='*.zip' \
  --include='*.iso' \
  --include='*.tar.gz' \
  --exclude='*' --max-size=100M \
  --include='*' \
  /path/to/your/source/ /path/to/your/destination/

Let’s break down each part: #

• -av: Enables archive mode (preserves permissions, timestamps, symlinks, etc.) and verbose output so you can see what’s being synced.
• --include='*.ext': These lines tell rsync to always sync files with these extensions, no matter how big they are. Add as many of these as you need for your target file types.
• --exclude='*' --max-size=100M: This combo works together to exclude any file that wasn’t matched by the earlier includes AND is over 100MB. The --max-size filters the --exclude='*' rule only to large files.
• --include='*': Finally, we include all other files that are under 100MB—this covers every file type not in our special list that fits the size limit.

Pro tips for testing and edge cases: #

• Test first with dry run: Add -n (or --dry-run) to the command to see exactly which files would be synced without making any changes. This is critical to avoid accidental data loss or unwanted transfers:

  rsync -avn \
    --include='*.zip' \
    --include='*.iso' \
    --exclude='*' --max-size=100M \
    --include='*' \
    source/ destination/
  

• Handle case sensitivity: If you have files with uppercase extensions (like .ZIP), add --ignore-case to make the include rules match regardless of capitalization.
• Double-check path slashes: Make sure your source path ends with a / if you want to sync the contents of the directory, not the directory itself.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者codaamok