Linux下VMware Win10虚拟机V2P迁移至物理磁盘分区方法

Alright, let's walk through how to get your Windows 10 VM's filesystem content onto a physical partition—since you mentioned it's not a byte-for-byte image, we'll focus on filesystem-level cloning/adaptation instead of raw disk copying. You've got Linux Mint Sylvia live media, which is perfect for this because it gives us a clean, bootable environment to work with without messing up your host OS.

• First, boot into your Linux Mint Sylvia live session. Make sure you have at least 4GB of RAM (to handle disk image operations) and that both your VMware virtual disk file (usually .vmdk) and target physical partition are accessible (e.g., connect a USB drive with the VMDK, or mount the host partition where it's stored).
• Install tools to mount VMware disks: Open a terminal and run:

  sudo apt update && sudo apt install qemu-utils ntfs-3g
  

  qemu-utils lets us attach the VMDK as a block device, and ntfs-3g ensures we can read/write NTFS partitions (Windows' default filesystem).
• Load the necessary kernel module:

  sudo modprobe nbd max_part=8
  

  The max_part=8 flag lets us access individual partitions inside the VMDK.
• Attach the VMDK to a network block device:

  sudo qemu-nbd --connect=/dev/nbd0 /path/to/your/virtual-disk.vmdk
  

  Replace /path/to/your/virtual-disk.vmdk with the actual file path (use cd to navigate to the directory first if needed).
• List the partitions inside the VMDK to identify the main Windows system partition:

  sudo fdisk -l /dev/nbd0
  

  You’ll usually see a small EFI partition (/dev/nbd0p1) and a larger main Windows partition (/dev/nbd0p2).
• Mount the main Windows partition to a temporary directory:

  sudo mkdir /mnt/vm-win
  sudo mount /dev/nbd0p2 /mnt/vm-win
  

• Identify your target physical disk and partition using sudo lsblk or sudo fdisk -l. Double-check this—formatting the wrong partition will erase all data on it! Let’s assume your target is /dev/sda3 for this example.
• Format the target partition as NTFS (to match Windows' filesystem):

  sudo mkfs.ntfs /dev/sda3
  

• Mount the target partition to another temporary directory:

  sudo mkdir /mnt/phys-win
  sudo mount /dev/sda3 /mnt/phys-win
  

• We’ll use rsync because it efficiently copies files while preserving permissions, timestamps, and symbolic links. Run this command:

  sudo rsync -avh --progress --exclude='/pagefile.sys' --exclude='/hiberfil.sys' --exclude='/swapfile.sys' /mnt/vm-win/ /mnt/phys-win/
  

  • --exclude skips system files that Windows will automatically recreate (pagefile, hibernation file, swap file) to save time and space.
  • -avh enables archive mode (preserves metadata), verbose output, and human-readable file sizes. --progress lets you track transfer status.
• Wait for the copy to finish—this could take anywhere from minutes to hours depending on how much data is on the VM disk.

Since we copied only the filesystem (not the entire bootable disk), the bootloader won’t work out of the box. Here’s how to repair it:

• First, clean up your Linux Mint session:

  sudo umount /mnt/vm-win
  sudo umount /mnt/phys-win
  sudo qemu-nbd --disconnect /dev/nbd0
  

• Boot from a Windows 10 installation media (USB or DVD). If you don’t have one, create it from your Linux Mint live session using woeusb (install with sudo apt install woeusb).
• Once in the Windows setup, select Repair your computer > Troubleshoot > Advanced options > Command Prompt.
• Run these commands in order:

  diskpart
  list disk  # Identify your physical disk (note the number, e.g., Disk 0)
  select disk 0
  list partition  # Find your Windows system partition (e.g., Partition 3)
  select partition 3
  active  # Marks the partition as bootable
  exit
  bootrec /fixmbr
  bootrec /fixboot
  bootrec /scanos  # Scans for Windows installations
  bootrec /rebuildbcd  # Adds the Windows installation to the boot menu (follow prompts)
  

• Exit Command Prompt and restart your computer—Windows should now boot from the physical partition.

• When Windows first boots from the physical disk, it will detect new hardware and install drivers automatically. Make sure you have an internet connection to download these.
• You may need to reactivate Windows if your physical hardware differs significantly from the VM’s virtual hardware—this is normal, as Windows ties activation to hardware signatures.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Christos Hayward