Ubuntu Server 16.04启动故障：更换硬盘后原盘无法正常启动求助

Hey there, let's break down why this boot error popped up after swapping back your original hard drive, and walk through the fixes step by step.

常见原因及对应解决方案 #

1. BIOS/UEFI启动顺序被重置

When you installed the new hard drive, your BIOS/UEFI probably automatically set the new drive as the first boot option. Even after swapping back the original drive, the boot order might still be pointing to the now-removed new drive.

Fix:

• Reboot your PC and press the BIOS/UEFI entry key (usually Del, F2, F10, or Esc—watch the on-screen prompt during startup to confirm).
• Navigate to the Boot section.
• Find your original hard drive in the list of boot devices, move it to the top of the boot order.
• Save the changes (usually F10) and exit. Your PC should now boot from the original drive.

2. 原硬盘物理连接松动

It's easy to accidentally jostle the SATA cable or power connector when swapping drives. If the original drive isn't properly connected, your BIOS won't detect it as a bootable device.

Fix:

• Power off your PC completely and unplug it from the power source.
• Open the case, locate the original hard drive.
• Unplug and re-seat both the SATA data cable and power cable, making sure they're firmly connected.
• Close the case, plug in the power, and reboot.

3. 原硬盘的引导记录（MBR/GRUB）意外受损

While less likely since you didn't modify the original drive, sometimes swapping drives can trigger minor glitches in the boot loader. If the above two fixes don't work, your GRUB boot loader or MBR might need repair.

Fix:

• Grab your Ubuntu Server 16.04 installation USB drive (or create one if you don't have it).
• Boot from the USB drive. For Server edition, select the Rescue a broken system option from the boot menu.
• Follow the prompts to select your language, keyboard layout, and locate your original Ubuntu installation's root partition (it'll be something like /dev/sda1 or /dev/nvme0n1p2 depending on your drive type).
• When asked if you want to mount the partition as read-write, select Yes.
• Choose the option to Repair the GRUB boot loader, then follow the on-screen instructions to reinstall GRUB to your original hard drive (e.g., /dev/sda for a SATA drive).
• Once done, exit the rescue mode and reboot your PC without the USB drive.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者ShaneS