核心问题分析 #

你遇到的configure: error: cannot find python3.6-config or python-config in PATH错误，本质是系统缺少Python3的开发工具包——python3-devel，而你通过pip安装的python-config是第三方包，并非编译扩展所需的系统级配置工具。

另外，你已经通过dnf成功安装了dbus-python，这个系统包已经为Python3提供了可用的dbus模块，完全没必要再通过pip重复安装dbus-python，这也是解决AutoKey安装问题的关键。

解决方案步骤 #

1. 安装Python3开发工具包（解决config工具缺失）

首先安装python3-devel，它包含了编译扩展必需的python3.6-config工具：

sudo dnf install python3-devel

2. 直接安装AutoKey（无需pip装dbus-python）

既然系统已经提供了dbus模块，你可以跳过pip安装dbus-python的步骤，直接通过dnf安装AutoKey的Python3版本，这也是Fedora系统推荐的包管理方式：

sudo dnf install autokey-py3

如果一定要通过pip安装autokey-py3，先确保所有编译依赖都已安装：

sudo dnf install dbus-devel dbus-glib-devel gcc

然后再执行pip安装（此时python3.6-config已经可用）：

pip3 install --user autokey-py3

为什么之前的尝试失败？ #

• pip安装的python-config是一个第三方工具，并非Fedora系统编译Python扩展所需的python3.6-config，后者仅存在于python3-devel系统包中。
• 你已经通过dnf安装了dbus-python，这个包直接提供了Python可导入的dbus模块，pip安装dbus-python属于冗余操作，反而会因为编译环境缺失报错。

附你提供的完整错误输出 #

Complete output from command /usr/bin/python3 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-x10w__hm/dbus-python/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-uajq6lpe-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --user --prefix=:
running install
running build
creating /tmp/pip-build-x10w__hm/dbus-python/build
creating /tmp/pip-build-x10w__hm/dbus-python/build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6
checking whether make supports nested variables... yes
checking whether to enable maintainer-specific portions of Makefiles... no
checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c
checking whether build environment is sane... yes
checking for a thread-safe mkdir -p... /usr/bin/mkdir -p
checking for gawk... gawk
checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... yes
checking whether UID '1000' is supported by ustar format... yes
checking whether GID '1000' is supported by ustar format... yes
checking how to create a ustar tar archive... gnutar
checking build system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
checking host system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
checking for native Windows host... no
checking how to print strings... printf
checking for style of include used by make... GNU
checking for gcc... gcc
checking whether the C compiler works... yes
checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out
checking for suffix of executables... 
checking whether we are cross compiling... no
checking for suffix of object files... o
checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes
checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes
checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89... none needed
checking whether gcc understands -c and -o together... yes
checking dependency style of gcc... gcc3
checking for a sed that does not truncate output... /usr/bin/sed
checking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /usr/bin/grep
checking for egrep... /usr/bin/grep -E
checking for fgrep... /usr/bin/grep -F
checking for ld used by gcc... /usr/bin/ld
checking if the linker (/usr/bin/ld) is GNU ld... yes
checking for BSD- or MS-compatible name lister (nm)... /usr/bin/nm -B
checking the name lister (/usr/bin/nm -B) interface... BSD nm
checking whether ln -s works... yes
checking the maximum length of command line arguments... 1572864
checking how to convert x86_64-pc-linux-gnu file names to x86_64-pc-linux-gnu format... func_convert_file_noop
checking how to convert x86_64-pc-linux-gnu file names to toolchain format... func_convert_file_noop
checking for /usr/bin/ld option to reload object files... -r
checking for objdump... objdump
checking how to recognize dependent libraries... pass_all
checking for dlltool... no
checking how to associate runtime and link libraries... printf %s

checking for ar... ar
checking for archiver @FILE support... @
checking for strip... strip
checking for ranlib... ranlib
checking command to parse /usr/bin/nm -B output from gcc object... ok
checking for sysroot... no
checking for a working dd... /usr/bin/dd
checking how to truncate binary pipes... /usr/bin/dd bs=4096 count=1
checking for mt... no
checking if : is a manifest tool... no
checking how to run the C preprocessor... gcc -E
checking for ANSI C header files... yes
checking for sys/types.h... yes
checking for sys/stat.h... yes
checking for stdlib.h... yes
checking for string.h... yes
checking for memory.h... yes
checking for strings.h... yes
checking for inttypes.h... yes
checking for stdint.h... yes
checking for unistd.h... yes
checking for dlfcn.h... yes
checking for objdir... .libs
checking if gcc supports -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions... no
checking for gcc option to produce PIC... -fPIC -DPIC
checking if gcc PIC flag -fPIC -DPIC works... yes
checking if gcc static flag -static works... no
checking if gcc supports -c -o file.o... yes
checking if gcc supports -c -o file.o... (cached) yes
checking whether the gcc linker (/usr/bin/ld -m elf_x86_64) supports shared libraries... yes
checking whether -lc should be explicitly linked in... no
checking dynamic linker characteristics... GNU/Linux ld.so
checking how to hardcode library paths into programs... immediate
checking whether stripping libraries is possible... yes
checking if libtool supports shared libraries... yes
checking whether to build shared libraries... yes
checking whether to build static libraries... no
checking for inline... inline
checking whether /usr/bin/python3 version is >= 2.6... yes
checking for /usr/bin/python3 version... 3.6
checking for /usr/bin/python3 platform... linux
checking for /usr/bin/python3 script directory... ${prefix}/lib/python3.6/site-packages
checking for /usr/bin/python3 extension module directory... ${exec_prefix}/lib64/python3.6/site-packages
checking for python3.6-config... no
checking for python-config... no
configure: error: cannot find python3.6-config or python-config in PATH
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
File "/tmp/pip-build-x10w__hm/dbus-python/setup.py", line 106, in <module>
'build_ext': BuildExt,
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 129, in setup
return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
File "/usr/lib64/python3.6/distutils/core.py", line 148, in setup
dist.run_commands()
File "/usr/lib64/python3.6/distutils/dist.py", line 955, in run_commands
self.run_command(cmd)
File "/usr/lib64/python3.6/distutils/dist.py", line 974, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/setuptools/command/install.py", line 61, in run
return orig.install.run(self)
File "/usr/lib64/python3.6/distutils/command/install.py", line 555, in run
self.run_command('build')
File "/usr/lib64/python3.6/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
self.distribution.run_command(command)
File "/usr/lib64/python3.6/distutils/dist.py", line 974, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/tmp/pip-build-x10w__hm/dbus-python/setup.py", line 62, in run
cwd=builddir)
File "/usr/lib64/python3.6/subprocess.py", line 291, in check_call
raise CalledProcessError(retcode, cmd)
subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command '['/tmp/pip-build-x10w__hm/dbus-python/configure', '--disable-maintainer-mode', 'PYTHON=/usr/bin/python3', '--prefix=/tmp/pip-build-x10w__hm/dbus-python/build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6/prefix']' returned non-zero exit status 1.
----------------------------------------
Command "/usr/bin/python3 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-x10w__hm/dbus-python/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-uajq6lpe-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --user --prefix=" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-x10w__hm/dbus-python/

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者YSC