Hey there! I've helped tons of developers troubleshoot Matplotlib installation issues with Python 3.7, so let's break down the most reliable fixes step by step:

1. 先升级适配Python 3.7的pip版本 #

Old pip versions often cause compatibility hiccups with older Python releases like 3.7. Run this command to get a pip version that plays nice:

python3.7 -m pip install --upgrade pip

2. 补全系统级依赖 #

Matplotlib relies on some system libraries to install correctly—here's what you need for each OS:

• Windows: Install the Microsoft Visual C++ Build Tools 2017 (it's the version compatible with Python 3.7). Make sure to check the "C++ build tools" option during installation.
• Ubuntu/Debian Linux: Install required system packages via apt:

  sudo apt-get install gcc python3.7-dev libfreetype6-dev libpng-dev
  

• macOS: First install Xcode Command Line Tools with:

  xcode-select --install
  

  Then use Homebrew to add missing libraries:

  brew install freetype libpng
  

3. 安装Python 3.7兼容的Matplotlib版本 #

Newer Matplotlib releases dropped support for Python 3.7, so you need to specify a compatible version. The last stable release that works with 3.7 is 3.4.3:

python3.7 -m pip install matplotlib==3.4.3

4. 尝试wheel文件安装（如果上述步骤失败） #

If you still run into issues, download a pre-built wheel file for Python 3.7 (match your system architecture—32-bit or 64-bit) directly from PyPI, then install it locally:

python3.7 -m pip install /path/to/your/matplotlib-3.4.3-cp37-none-[your-system].whl

Just replace the path and filename with the actual wheel you downloaded.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Luciano Hendricks