如何用Python 2.7执行Elasticsearch删除请求及排查代码问题？

Hey there! Let's tackle your questions one by one, tailored to your Elasticsearch 6.1.0 and elasticsearch-py 5.4.0 setup:

1. How to Delete Single Documents by ID in Python (Equivalent to Your Curl Command) #

Your curl command works great for single IDs, and in Python, you can use the es.delete() method to replicate this behavior. Here's how:

from elasticsearch import Elasticsearch

# Initialize the ES client (connects to localhost:9200 by default)
es = Elasticsearch()

# Delete a single document
es.delete(index="index_data", doc_type="type_data", id="a")

If you want to delete multiple IDs from your list x=['a','b','c','d'], loop through them with error handling to catch missing documents:

x = ['a','b','c','d']
for doc_id in x:
    try:
        es.delete(index="index_data", doc_type="type_data", id=doc_id)
        print(f"Successfully deleted document with ID: {doc_id}")
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"Failed to delete {doc_id}: {str(e)}")

2. How to Delete All Data in type_data (Or the Entire Type) #

In Elasticsearch 6.x, types are still supported but being phased out (removed in 7.x). You have two options here:

Option 1: Delete All Documents in type_data #

Use delete_by_query with a match_all query to remove every document in the type:

request_body = {"query": {"match_all": {}}}
es.delete_by_query(index="index_data", doc_type="type_data", body=request_body)

Option 2: Delete the Entire type_data Mapping (And All Its Data) #

If you want to completely remove the type's mapping along with its data, use the indices.delete_mapping method:

es.indices.delete_mapping(index="index_data", doc_type="type_data")

Note: This will remove the type definition entirely, so you'll need to recreate it if you want to store data there again.

3. Why Your delete_by_query Code Isn't Working #

Let's fix the issues in your code step by step:

Key Problems in Your Original Code: #

1. Undefined es_index variable: You need to replace this with your actual index name ("index_data").
2. Missing doc_type parameter: In elasticsearch-py 5.x (paired with ES 6.x), you must explicitly specify the doc_type for delete_by_query operations.

Corrected Code: #

from elasticsearch import Elasticsearch

es = Elasticsearch()
# Define your index and type names explicitly
es_index = "index_data"
doc_type = "type_data"

request_body = {
    "query": {
        "ids": {
            "values": ['a','b','c','d','e','f']
        }
    }
}

try:
    response = es.delete_by_query(index=es_index, doc_type=doc_type, body=request_body)
    print(f"Successfully deleted {response['deleted']} documents")
except Exception as e:
    print(f"Error during deletion: {str(e)}")

Additional Notes: #

• Make sure the IDs in your values list actually exist in the index/type, otherwise you'll get "document not found" errors (which the try/except block will catch).
• Since you're using ES 6.1.0 and elasticsearch-py 5.4.0, this combination is compatible, but keep in mind that newer ES versions (7+) remove types entirely, so your code would need adjustments if you upgrade later.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Snehal