如何用Karma-Jasmine测试AngularJS控制器？依赖注入报错求助

数据老陈

2026-5-15

AngularJS + Jasmine/Karma 单元测试：$injector:modulerr 错误解决

看起来你遇到的是AngularJS主库和angular-mocks版本不匹配导致的经典问题，这也是新手搭建测试环境时很容易踩的坑。

错误原因分析

从你给出的错误信息里能看到，你的AngularJS版本是1.5.0，但你的angular-mocks.js很可能不是同一个版本——$$asyncCallbackProvider这个内部服务在不同Angular版本里的存在状态或定义方式有变化，如果mocks版本和主库不对应，就会出现这种注入失败的错误。

解决步骤

严格匹配版本
找到你项目中使用的angular.js的版本（从错误日志看是1.5.0），然后下载完全相同版本的angular-mocks.js替换掉当前的文件。比如如果主库是angular-1.5.0.js，那mocks必须是angular-mocks-1.5.0.js，版本号要完全一致。
确认加载顺序（你当前配置没问题，但再检查一遍）
在karma.conf.js的files数组里，确保angular.js是在angular-mocks.js之前加载的——你现在的顺序是对的：
```
files: [
  '/path/to/angular.js',
  '/path/to/angular-mocks.js',
  // 其他依赖和测试文件
]
```
这个顺序不能反，因为mocks依赖主Angular库的存在。
额外检查：排除列表是否合理
你排除了app.module.js，如果这个文件是你的根模块定义文件，那测试时是需要加载它的（因为你的测试里引用了ipaApp模块）。不过这不是当前错误的原因，但如果后续测试找不到ipaApp模块，记得调整这个排除规则。

你提供的代码片段（格式化后）

控制器测试代码

describe('controller test', function() {
  beforeEach(module('ipaApp'));
  var $controller, $rootScope;

  beforeEach(inject(function(_$controller_, _$rootScope_) {
    // The injector unwraps the underscores (_) from around the parameter
    // names when matching
    $controller = _$controller_;
    $rootScope = _$rootScope_;
  }));

  describe('$scope.grade', function() {
    it('sets the strength to "strong" if the password length is >8 chars', function() {
      var $scope = $rootScope.$new();
      var controller = $controller('reportViewCardController', { $scope : $scope });
      $scope.password = 'longerthaneightchars';
      $scope.grade();
      expect($scope.strength).toEqual('strong');
    });
  });
});

Karma配置文件

// Karma configuration
// Generated on Sun Dec 31 2017 19:51:09 GMT+0530 (IST)
module.exports = function(config) {
  config.set({
    // base path that will be used to resolve all patterns (eg. files, exclude)
    basePath: '',

    // frameworks to use
    // available frameworks: https://npmjs.org/browse/keyword/karma-adapter
    frameworks: ['jasmine'],

    // list of files / patterns to load in the browser
    files: [
      '/home/manoj/Desktop/workspace-development/dec-release/22-dec-17/bil-ipa/bil-ipa-ui/bil-ipa-ui-apm/src/main/webapp/resources/js/libs/angularjs/angular.js',
      '/home/manoj/Desktop/workspace-development/dec-release/22-dec-17/bil-ipa/bil-ipa-ui/bil-ipa-ui-apm/src/main/webapp/resources/js/libs/angularjs/angular-mocks.js',
      '/home/manoj/Desktop/workspace-development/dec-release/22-dec-17/bil-ipa/bil-ipa-ui/bil-ipa-ui-apm/src/main/webapp/resources/js/libs/angularjs/angular-route.js',
      '/home/manoj/Desktop/workspace-development/dec-release/22-dec-17/bil-ipa/bil-ipa-ui/bil-ipa-ui-apm/src/main/webapp/app/*',
      '/home/manoj/Desktop/workspace-development/dec-release/22-dec-17/bil-ipa/bil-ipa-ui/bil-ipa-ui-apm/src/main/webapp/test/*.js'
    ],

    // list of files / patterns to exclude
    exclude: [
      '/home/manoj/Desktop/workspace-development/dec-release/22-dec-17/bil-ipa/bil-ipa-ui/bil-ipa-ui-apm/src/main/webapp/app/app.module.js',
      '/home/manoj/Desktop/workspace-development/dec-release/22-dec-17/bil-ipa/bil-ipa-ui/bil-ipa-ui-apm/src/main/webapp/resources/js/libs/angularjs/angular-cron-generator.min.js'
    ],

    // preprocess matching files before serving them to the browser
    // available preprocessors: https://npmjs.org/browse/keyword/karma-preprocessor
    preprocessors: {
    },

    // test results reporter to use
    // possible values: 'dots', 'progress'
    // available reporters: https://npmjs.org/browse/keyword/karma-reporter
    reporters: ['progress'],

    // web server port
    port: 9876,

    // enable / disable colors in the output (reporters and logs)
    colors: true,

    // level of logging
    // possible values: config.LOG_DISABLE || config.LOG_ERROR || config.LOG_WARN || config.LOG_INFO || config.LOG_DEBUG
    logLevel: config.LOG_INFO,

    // enable / disable watching file and executing tests whenever any file changes
    autoWatch: true,

    // start these browsers
    // available browser launchers: https://npmjs.org/browse/keyword/karma-launcher
    browsers: ['Chrome'],

    // Continuous Integration mode
    // if true, Karma captures browsers, runs the tests and exits
    singleRun: false,

    // Concurrency level
    // how many browser should be started simultaneous
    concurrency: Infinity
  })
}

错误信息

Error: [$injector:modulerr] Failed to instantiate module ngMock due to:
Error: [$injector:unpr] Unknown provider: $$asyncCallbackProvider
http://errors.angularjs.org/1.5.0/$injector/unpr?p0=%24%24asyncCallbackProvider
at /home/manoj/Desktop/workspace-development/dec-release/22-dec-17/bil-ipa/bil-ipa-ui/bil-ipa-ui-apm/src/main/webapp/resources/js/libs/angularjs/angular.js:68:12
at /home/manoj/Desktop/workspace-development/dec-release/22-dec-17/bil-ipa/bil-ipa-ui/bil-ipa-ui-apm/src/main/webapp/resources/js/libs/angularjs/angular.js:4397:19
at Object.getService [as get] (/home/manoj/Desktop/workspace-development/dec-release/22-dec-17/bil-ipa/bil-ipa-ui/bil-ipa-ui-apm/src/main/webapp/resources/js/libs/angularjs/angular.js:4550:39)
at Object.decorator (/home/manoj/Desktop/workspace-development/dec-release/22-dec-17/bil-ipa/bil-ipa-ui/bil-ipa-ui-apm/src/main/webapp/resources/js/libs/angularjs/angular.js:4472:41)
at /home/manoj/Desktop/workspace-development/dec-release/22-dec-17/bil-ipa/bil-ipa-ui/bil-ipa-ui-apm/src/main/webapp/resources/js/libs/angularjs/angular-mocks.js:1842:12
at Object.invoke (/home/manoj/Desktop/workspace-development/dec-release/22-dec-17/bil-ipa/bil-ipa-ui/bil-ipa-ui-apm/src/main/webapp/resources/js/libs/angularjs/angular.js:4604:19)
at runInvokeQueue (/home/manoj/Desktop/workspace-development/dec-release/22-dec-17/bil-ipa/bil-ipa-ui/bil-ipa-ui-apm/src/main/webapp/resources/js/libs/angularjs/angular.js:4497:35)
at /home/manoj/Desktop/workspace-development/dec-release/22-dec-17/bil-ipa/bil-ipa-ui/bil-ipa-ui-apm/src/main/webapp/resources/js/libs/angularjs/angular.js:4506:11
at forEach (/home/manoj/Desktop/workspace-development/dec-release/22-dec-17/bil-ipa/bil-ipa-ui/bil-ipa-ui-apm/src/main/webapp/resources/js/libs/angularjs/angular.js:321:20)
at loadModules (/home/manoj/Desktop/workspace-development/dec-release/22-dec-17/bil-ipa/bil-ipa-ui/bil-ipa-ui-apm/src/main/webapp/resources/js/libs/angularjs/angular.js:4487:5)

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Manoj Suthar