使用py2app打包Python脚本为Mac可执行文件时遇Tkinter错误求助

Let's break down your issues step by step and fix them one by one:

1. Fix the Python Version Confusion #

You have two Python versions on your system: Anaconda's 3.6.2 (invoked with python) and another 3.6.4 (invoked with python3). This is critical because py2app will use the Python interpreter you run it with to collect dependencies.

• First, confirm you're using the Anaconda Python for packaging:

  which python
  

  It should output /Users/myname/anaconda3/bin/python. If not, activate your Anaconda environment first (or use the full path to run commands).
• Never mix python and python3 for this workflow — stick strictly to the Anaconda interpreter to avoid dependency mismatches.

2. Resolve the Tkinter & Unicode Error #

The ValueError: character U+6573552f is not in range [...] error is a side effect of incorrect Tkinter configuration in your packaged app, often caused by Anaconda's Python not having its Tk resources properly bundled by py2app.

Step 2.1 Verify Anaconda's Tk Support #

First, check if your Anaconda Python has working Tkinter:

# Run this in your Anaconda Python shell
import tkinter
tkinter._test()

If a test window pops up, Tk is working. If not, reinstall the Tk package in Anaconda:

conda install tk

Step 2.2 Update Your setup.py for Tkinter #

Modify your setup.py to explicitly include Tkinter modules and ensure py2app bundles all required Tk resources:

from setuptools import setup

APP = ['script1.py']
OPTIONS = {
    'argv_emulation': True,
    'plist': {
        'PyRuntimeLocations': [
            '@executable_path/../Frameworks/libpython3.6m.dylib',
            '/Users/myname/anaconda3/lib/libpython3.6m.dylib'
        ]
    },
    # Explicitly include Tkinter modules
    'includes': ['tkinter', 'tkinter.filedialog', 'tkinter.ttk'],
    # Force bundle the Anaconda Python framework
    'frameworks': ['/Users/myname/anaconda3/lib/libpython3.6m.dylib'],
    # Bundle Tcl/Tk resource directories
    'resources': ['/Users/myname/anaconda3/lib/tcl8.6', '/Users/myname/anaconda3/lib/tk8.6']
}

setup(
    app=APP,
    options={'py2app': OPTIONS},
    setup_requires=['py2app'],
)

3. Clean & Re-Package Properly #

Old build artifacts often cause unexpected issues. Clean them before re-packaging:

# Delete existing build/dist directories
rm -rf build dist

# Run py2app with Anaconda's Python
python setup.py py2app

4. Fix Potential Encoding Issues #

The Unicode error can also stem from system encoding mismatches. Before packaging, set these environment variables:

export LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8
export LANG=en_US.UTF-8

Additional Troubleshooting Tips #

• If you still get runtime errors, try installing py2app from Conda Forge instead of pip (it's more compatible with Anaconda):

  pip uninstall py2app
  conda install -c conda-forge py2app
  

• Double-check that the libpython3.6m.dylib path in your plist exists. Run this to confirm:

  ls /Users/myname/anaconda3/lib/libpython3.6m.dylib
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Bertil Johannes Ipsen