php5-mysql依赖php5无法安装的Vagrant+Puppet环境求助

Let's break down what's going wrong here and get your stack up and running smoothly:

Root Causes of the Error #

Your dependency mess boils down to a few key conflicts between Ubuntu Trusty (14.04) and the older Karmic (9.10) repository you're using for PHP 5.2:

1. APT Repository Priority: Trusty's default repositories have higher priority, so apt is trying to pull newer PHP packages that clash with the 5.2 version you need.
2. Held/Broken Packages: The error mentions "held broken packages"—this happens when previous failed installs left your package system in an inconsistent state.
3. PHP API Version Mismatch: phpapi-20060613 is specific to PHP 5.2, but Trusty's system expects a newer API version. We need to force apt to use Karmic versions for all PHP-related packages.

Step-by-Step Fixes #

1. Add APT Pinning to Prioritize Karmic PHP Packages

We'll create an APT preferences file to tell apt to always use Karmic for PHP 5.x packages. Update your aptupdate module:

# puppet/modules/aptupdate/manifests/init.pp
class aptupdate {
  # Create pin file to prioritize Karmic for PHP packages
  file { '/etc/apt/preferences.d/php52.pref':
    content => "Package: php5*
Pin: release a=karmic
Pin-Priority: 990
",
    before => Exec['apt-get-update'],
  }

  # Fix any held/broken packages before updating
  exec {"fix-broken-packages":
    command => "apt-get -f install -y",
    path => "/usr/bin",
    onlyif => "dpkg --get-selections | grep -q 'hold'",
    before => Exec['apt-get-update'],
  }

  exec {"apt-get-update":
    command => "apt-get update",
    path => "/usr/bin",
  }
}

2. Adjust PHP 5.2 Package Dependencies & Add Missing System Libraries

PHP 5.2's php5-mysql depends on an older MySQL client library that isn't in Trusty's default repos. We'll add that package and tighten up dependencies in your php52 module:

# puppet/modules/php52/manifests/init.pp
class php52{
  $phpversion = "5.2.10.dfsg.1-2ubuntu6"
  # Older MySQL client library required by PHP 5.2's mysql module
  $mysqlclient_version = "5.1.37-1ubuntu5"

  package { "libmysqlclient15off":
    ensure => $mysqlclient_version,
    require => Exec['apt-get-update'],
  }

  package { "php5":
    ensure => $phpversion,
    require => Exec['apt-get-update'],
  }

  package { "php5-common":
    ensure => $phpversion,
    require => Package["php5"],
  }

  package { "php5-mysql":
    ensure => $phpversion,
    require => [Package["php5-common"], Package["php5"], Package["libmysqlclient15off"]],
  }
}

3. Clean Up & Re-Provision

Before re-running Vagrant, start fresh to avoid residual broken packages:

vagrant destroy -f
vagrant up

Why This Works #

• The APT pin file ensures apt never tries to use Trusty's newer PHP packages for any php5* package.
• The fix-broken-packages exec clears up any held packages that were blocking installation.
• Adding libmysqlclient15off resolves the hidden dependency that php5-mysql needs to work with PHP 5.2.
• Tightening up the require statements ensures packages install in the correct order (core PHP first, then dependencies).

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Thomas