C#运行时向App.Config添加system.serviceModel节点可行吗？

当然有靠谱的办法来实现运行时向app.config添加指定的<system.serviceModel>配置段！下面我给你两种常用的方案，你可以根据自己的需求选择：

方法一：通过Configuration API动态修改配置文件 #

这种方式会直接修改app.config文件（如果需要永久保存的话），也可以只在当前进程内存中生效。你需要用到System.Configuration和System.ServiceModel.Configuration命名空间下的API：

using System.Configuration;
using System.ServiceModel.Configuration;

// 1. 获取当前应用的配置对象
Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);

// 2. 获取或创建system.serviceModel节组
ServiceModelSectionGroup serviceModelGroup = ServiceModelSectionGroup.GetSectionGroup(config);
if (serviceModelGroup == null)
{
    serviceModelGroup = new ServiceModelSectionGroup();
    config.SectionGroups.Add("system.serviceModel", serviceModelGroup);
}

// 3. 添加BasicHttpBindings配置
BasicHttpBindingCollectionElement basicHttpBindings = serviceModelGroup.Bindings.BasicHttpBinding;

// 添加第一个绑定：InvioTelematicoSS730pMtomPortBinding
if (!basicHttpBindings.Bindings.ContainsKey("InvioTelematicoSS730pMtomPortBinding"))
{
    BasicHttpBindingElement mtomBinding = new BasicHttpBindingElement("InvioTelematicoSS730pMtomPortBinding");
    mtomBinding.MessageEncoding = WSMessageEncoding.Mtom;
    mtomBinding.Security.Mode = BasicHttpSecurityMode.Transport;
    basicHttpBindings.Bindings.Add(mtomBinding);
}

// 添加第二个绑定：RicevutaPdf730PortBinding
if (!basicHttpBindings.Bindings.ContainsKey("RicevutaPdf730PortBinding"))
{
    BasicHttpBindingElement pdfBinding = new BasicHttpBindingElement("RicevutaPdf730PortBinding");
    pdfBinding.Security.Mode = BasicHttpSecurityMode.Transport;
    basicHttpBindings.Bindings.Add(pdfBinding);
}

// 添加第三个绑定：RicevutaPdf730PortBinding1
if (!basicHttpBindings.Bindings.ContainsKey("RicevutaPdf730PortBinding1"))
{
    BasicHttpBindingElement emptyBinding = new BasicHttpBindingElement("RicevutaPdf730PortBinding1");
    basicHttpBindings.Bindings.Add(emptyBinding);
}

// 4. 添加Client Endpoints配置
ClientSection clientSection = serviceModelGroup.Client;

// 第一个端点：InvioTelematicoSS730pMtomPort
if (!clientSection.Endpoints.ContainsKey("InvioTelematicoSS730pMtomPort"))
{
    ChannelEndpointElement mtomEndpoint = new ChannelEndpointElement();
    mtomEndpoint.Address = new Uri("http://localhost:9080/InvioTelematicoSS730pMtomWeb/InvioTelematicoSS730pMtomPort");
    mtomEndpoint.Binding = "basicHttpBinding";
    mtomEndpoint.BindingConfiguration = "InvioTelematicoSS730pMtomPortBinding";
    mtomEndpoint.Contract = "InvioFlussi730.InvioTelematicoSS730pMtom";
    mtomEndpoint.Name = "InvioTelematicoSS730pMtomPort";
    clientSection.Endpoints.Add(mtomEndpoint);
}

// 第二个端点：RicevutaPdf730Port
if (!clientSection.Endpoints.ContainsKey("RicevutaPdf730Port"))
{
    ChannelEndpointElement pdfEndpoint = new ChannelEndpointElement();
    pdfEndpoint.Address = new Uri("https://invioSS730pTest.sanita.finanze.it/Ricevute730ServiceWeb/ricevutePdf");
    pdfEndpoint.Binding = "basicHttpBinding";
    pdfEndpoint.BindingConfiguration = "RicevutaPdf730PortBinding";
    pdfEndpoint.Contract = "ServiceReference1.RicevutaPdf730";
    pdfEndpoint.Name = "RicevutaPdf730Port";
    clientSection.Endpoints.Add(pdfEndpoint);
}

// 5. 保存配置（可选：如果需要永久写入文件的话）
try
{
    config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified);
    ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("system.serviceModel");
    Console.WriteLine("配置已成功添加并保存到app.config！");
}
catch (ConfigurationErrorsException ex)
{
    Console.WriteLine($"保存配置时遇到错误：{ex.Message}");
}

方法二：直接在代码中构建绑定和客户端（无需修改配置文件） #

如果你不想修改app.config文件，或者担心权限问题（比如程序安装在受保护目录），可以直接在代码中创建绑定和ChannelFactory，完全跳过配置文件：

using System.ServiceModel;
using System.ServiceModel.Channels;

// 构建第一个服务的绑定和客户端
var mtomBinding = new BasicHttpBinding(BasicHttpSecurityMode.Transport);
mtomBinding.MessageEncoding = WSMessageEncoding.Mtom;

var mtomEndpoint = new EndpointAddress("http://localhost:9080/InvioTelematicoSS730pMtomWeb/InvioTelematicoSS730pMtomPort");
var mtomFactory = new ChannelFactory<InvioFlussi730.InvioTelematicoSS730pMtom>(mtomBinding, mtomEndpoint);
InvioFlussi730.InvioTelematicoSS730pMtom mtomClient = mtomFactory.CreateChannel();

// 使用客户端调用服务...
// mtomClient.YourServiceMethod();

// 构建第二个服务的绑定和客户端
var pdfBinding = new BasicHttpBinding(BasicHttpSecurityMode.Transport);
var pdfEndpoint = new EndpointAddress("https://invioSS730pTest.sanita.finanze.it/Ricevute730ServiceWeb/ricevutePdf");
var pdfFactory = new ChannelFactory<ServiceReference1.RicevutaPdf730>(pdfBinding, pdfEndpoint);
ServiceReference1.RicevutaPdf730 pdfClient = pdfFactory.CreateChannel();

// 使用客户端调用服务...
// pdfClient.YourPdfServiceMethod();

关键注意事项 #

• 权限问题：如果选择方法一保存配置到文件，若程序安装在Program Files等受保护目录，需要管理员权限才能写入，否则会抛出异常。如果不需要永久保存，删掉config.Save相关代码即可，修改只会在当前进程生效。
• 重复添加：代码中加入了ContainsKey检查，避免重复添加同名的绑定或端点，防止配置冲突。
• Web应用适配：如果是ASP.NET Web应用，只需把ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration换成WebConfigurationManager.OpenWebConfiguration("~")即可。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Stefano Aquila