Got it, let's break down how to connect a removable drive's device ID to its assigned drive letter on Windows—covering both Python-based solutions and quick non-Python methods you can use right from the command line.

Python Solutions #

Using the wmi Library (Simplest Approach) #

This is the most straightforward way, as the wmi library wraps Windows WMI calls into clean, readable Python code.

1. First, install the library if you haven't already:

   pip install wmi
   

2. Here's a script that takes your target device ID (like USBSTOR\DISK&VEN_SANDISK&PROD_CRUZER_GLIDE&REV_1.27\1234567890ABCDEF&0) and finds the matching drive letter:

   import wmi
   
   def get_drive_letter_from_device_id(target_device_id):
       c = wmi.WMI()
       # Iterate over all connected disk drives
       for disk in c.Win32_DiskDrive():
           # Match the device's PNPDeviceID (Windows' official hardware ID)
           if disk.PNPDeviceID == target_device_id:
               # Link the disk to its partitions, then to logical drives
               for partition in disk.associators("Win32_DiskDriveToDiskPartition"):
                   for logical_drive in partition.associators("Win32_LogicalDiskToPartition"):
                       return logical_drive.DeviceID
       return None
   
   # Replace this with your actual device ID (copy from Device Manager)
   target_id = "USBSTOR\\DISK&VEN_SANDISK&PROD_CRUZER_GLIDE&REV_1.27\\1234567890ABCDEF&0"
   drive_letter = get_drive_letter_from_device_id(target_id)
   
   if drive_letter:
       print(f"Found matching drive letter: {drive_letter}")
   else:
       print("No drive found with that device ID.")
   

   Note: The "device ID" here refers to Windows' PNPDeviceID. You can grab this exact string from Device Manager: right-click your drive > Properties > Details tab > select "Device instance path" from the dropdown.

Using ctypes (No External Libraries) #

If you can't install third-party packages, you can call Windows' native SetupDi API directly with ctypes. This is more verbose but self-contained:

import ctypes
from ctypes import wintypes
import string

# Define Windows API constants and structures
SetupDiGetClassDevs = ctypes.windll.setupapi.SetupDiGetClassDevsW
SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo = ctypes.windll.setupapi.SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo
SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty = ctypes.windll.setupapi.SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryPropertyW
SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList = ctypes.windll.setupapi.SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList
CreateFile = ctypes.windll.kernel32.CreateFileW
DeviceIoControl = ctypes.windll.kernel32.DeviceIoControl
CloseHandle = ctypes.windll.kernel32.CloseHandle

DIGCF_ALLCLASSES = 0x00000004
DIGCF_PRESENT = 0x00000002
SPDRP_DEVICE_ID = 0x00000001
IOCTL_STORAGE_GET_DEVICE_NUMBER = 0x2D1080
GENERIC_READ = 0x80000000
FILE_SHARE_READ = 0x00000001
FILE_SHARE_WRITE = 0x00000002
OPEN_EXISTING = 3

class StorageDeviceNumber(ctypes.Structure):
    _fields_ = [("DeviceType", wintypes.DWORD), ("DeviceNumber", wintypes.DWORD), ("PartitionNumber", wintypes.DWORD)]

def get_drive_letter_from_device_id(target_device_id):
    hdevinfo = SetupDiGetClassDevs(None, None, None, DIGCF_ALLCLASSES | DIGCF_PRESENT)
    if hdevinfo == wintypes.HANDLE(-1).value:
        return None

    devinfo_data = wintypes.SP_DEVINFO_DATA()
    devinfo_data.cbSize = ctypes.sizeof(devinfo_data)
    index = 0

    while SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo(hdevinfo, index, ctypes.byref(devinfo_data)):
        index += 1
        # Fetch the device's ID
        device_id_buffer = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(256)
        if not SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty(hdevinfo, ctypes.byref(devinfo_data), SPDRP_DEVICE_ID, None, ctypes.byref(device_id_buffer), ctypes.sizeof(device_id_buffer), None):
            continue
        
        if device_id_buffer.value == target_device_id:
            # Get device path and open it
            device_path = f"\\\\?\\{device_id_buffer.value.replace('#', '#')}"
            hdevice = CreateFile(device_path, GENERIC_READ, FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE, None, OPEN_EXISTING, 0, None)
            if hdevice == wintypes.HANDLE(-1).value:
                continue
            
            # Get the device's storage number
            dev_num = StorageDeviceNumber()
            bytes_returned = wintypes.DWORD(0)
            if not DeviceIoControl(hdevice, IOCTL_STORAGE_GET_DEVICE_NUMBER, None, 0, ctypes.byref(dev_num), ctypes.sizeof(dev_num), ctypes.byref(bytes_returned), None):
                CloseHandle(hdevice)
                continue
            
            # Check all drive letters for a match
            for letter in string.ascii_uppercase:
                drive_path = f"\\\\.\\{letter}:"
                hdrive = CreateFile(drive_path, GENERIC_READ, FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE, None, OPEN_EXISTING, 0, None)
                if hdrive == wintypes.HANDLE(-1).value:
                    continue
                
                drive_dev_num = StorageDeviceNumber()
                if DeviceIoControl(hdrive, IOCTL_STORAGE_GET_DEVICE_NUMBER, None, 0, ctypes.byref(drive_dev_num), ctypes.sizeof(drive_dev_num), ctypes.byref(bytes_returned), None):
                    if drive_dev_num.DeviceNumber == dev_num.DeviceNumber:
                        CloseHandle(hdrive)
                        CloseHandle(hdevice)
                        SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(hdevinfo)
                        return f"{letter}:"
                CloseHandle(hdrive)
            CloseHandle(hdevice)
    
    SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(hdevinfo)
    return None

# Usage
target_id = "USBSTOR\\DISK&VEN_SANDISK&PROD_CRUZER_GLIDE&REV_1.27\\1234567890ABCDEF&0"
drive_letter = get_drive_letter_from_device_id(target_id)
print(f"Drive letter: {drive_letter}" if drive_letter else "No matching drive found.")

Non-Python Solutions #

Using PowerShell (Fastest Command-Line Method) #

PowerShell makes this trivial with pipelined WMI calls. Open PowerShell (as Administrator if needed) and run:

# Replace with your device ID
$targetDeviceId = "USBSTOR\DISK&VEN_SANDISK&PROD_CRUZER_GLIDE&REV_1.27\1234567890ABCDEF&0"

Get-WmiObject Win32_DiskDrive | Where-Object { $_.PNPDeviceID -eq $targetDeviceId } |
    ForEach-Object { $_.GetRelated("Win32_DiskPartition") } |
    ForEach-Object { $_.GetRelated("Win32_LogicalDisk") } |
    Select-Object DeviceID, VolumeName

This will directly output the drive letter and volume name if a match is found.

Using wmic (Command Prompt) #

1. First, get your drive's PNPDeviceID:

   wmic diskdrive get deviceid, pnpdeviceid, model
   

   Locate your removable drive by its model, then copy its PNPDeviceID.

2. Link the device ID to a drive letter with a chain of wmic queries:

   wmic path win32_diskdrive where "pnpdeviceid='YOUR_DEVICE_ID'" get deviceid
   wmic path win32_diskdrivetodiskpartition where "antecedent='\\\\.\\PHYSICALDRIVEX'" get dependent
   wmic path win32_logicaldisktopartition where "antecedent='Win32_DiskPartition.DeviceID=\"Disk #X, Partition #Y\"'" get dependent
   

   Replace YOUR_DEVICE_ID, PHYSICALDRIVEX, and the partition ID with values from the first query.

Using Diskpart #

1. Open Command Prompt as Administrator and run diskpart.
2. List all disks: list disk
3. Select your removable drive (look for the Removable tag): select disk X (replace X with the disk number)
4. Show drive details: detail disk
   The drive letter will be listed under the "Volume ###" section of the output.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Pyroadrian