如何为双向通信聊天系统添加文本对齐与时间戳功能

我帮你调整了代码，实现了接收消息左对齐、发送消息右对齐以及添加时间戳的功能，核心是用RichTextBox替代原来的TextBox（因为TextBox无法实现局部文本对齐），同时在收发消息时嵌入时间戳，并且处理了跨线程UI更新的问题：

修改后的服务器代码 #

namespace Full_Chatt_Server {
    public partial class Form1 : Form {
        TcpListener listener;
        TcpClient klient;
        int port;
        public Form1() {
            InitializeComponent();
            // 确保tbxMessage是RichTextBox控件
            tbxMessage.SelectionAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Left;
        }

        private string GetTimestamp()
        {
            return $"[{DateTime.Now:yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}]";
        }

        private void btnStartServer_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) {
            btnTaEmot.Enabled = false;
            if (!int.TryParse(tbxPort.Text, out port))
            {
                MessageBox.Show("请输入有效的端口号", Text);
                return;
            }
            try {
                listener = new TcpListener(IPAddress.Any, port);
                listener.Start();
            } catch (Exception error) {
                MessageBox.Show(error.Message, Text);
                return;
            }
            StartAccepting();
        }

        public async void StartAccepting() {
            try {
                klient = await listener.AcceptTcpClientAsync();
            } catch (Exception error) {
                MessageBox.Show(error.Message, Text);
                return;
            }
            StartReading(klient);
        }

        public async void StartReading(TcpClient k) {
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
            int n = 0;
            try {
                n = await k.GetStream().ReadAsync(buffer, 0, 1024);
            } catch (Exception error) {
                MessageBox.Show(error.Message, Text);
                return;
            }
            if (n > 0)
            {
                string receivedMsg = Encoding.Unicode.GetString(buffer, 0, n);
                UpdateChatMessage($"{GetTimestamp()} 对方: {receivedMsg}", HorizontalAlignment.Left);
            }
            StartReading(k);
        }

        private void btnSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) {
            string chatt = tbxChatt.Text.Trim();
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(chatt)) return;
            
            StartSending(chatt);
            tbxChatt.Clear();
            UpdateChatMessage($"{GetTimestamp()} 我: {chatt}", HorizontalAlignment.Right);
        }

        public async void StartSending(string message) {
            if (klient?.Connected ?? false) {
                byte[] OutStream = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(message);
                try {
                    await klient.GetStream().WriteAsync(OutStream, 0, OutStream.Length);
                } catch (Exception error) {
                    MessageBox.Show(error.Message, Text);
                    return;
                }
            }
        }

        // 安全更新聊天消息（处理跨线程UI访问）
        private void UpdateChatMessage(string message, HorizontalAlignment alignment)
        {
            if (tbxMessage.InvokeRequired)
            {
                tbxMessage.Invoke(new Action<string, HorizontalAlignment>(UpdateChatMessage), message, alignment);
                return;
            }
            tbxMessage.SelectionStart = tbxMessage.TextLength;
            tbxMessage.SelectionLength = 0;
            tbxMessage.SelectionAlignment = alignment;
            tbxMessage.AppendText($"{message}\r\n");
            tbxMessage.ScrollToCaret(); // 自动滚动到最新消息
        }
    }
}

修改后的客户端代码 #

namespace Full_Chatt_Klient {
    public partial class Form1 : Form {
        TcpClient klient = new TcpClient();
        int port;
        public Form1() {
            InitializeComponent();
            // 确保tbxMessage是RichTextBox控件
            tbxMessage.SelectionAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Left;
        }

        private string GetTimestamp()
        {
            return $"[{DateTime.Now:yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}]";
        }

        private void btnConnect_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) {
            if (!klient.Connected) {
                Connect();
            }
        }

        public async void Connect() {
            if (!IPAddress.TryParse(tbxIP.Text, out IPAddress address))
            {
                MessageBox.Show("请输入有效的IP地址", Text);
                return;
            }
            if (!int.TryParse(tbxPort.Text, out port))
            {
                MessageBox.Show("请输入有效的端口号", Text);
                return;
            }
            try {
                await klient.ConnectAsync(address, port);
                StartReading(klient);
            } catch (Exception error) {
                MessageBox.Show(error.Message, Text);
                return;
            }
            btnSkicka.Enabled = true;
            btnAnslut.Enabled = false;
        }

        private void btnSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) {
            string chatt = tbxChatt.Text.Trim();
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(chatt)) return;
            
            StartSending(chatt);
            tbxChatt.Clear();
            UpdateChatMessage($"{GetTimestamp()} 我: {chatt}", HorizontalAlignment.Right);
        }

        public async void StartSending(string message) {
            if (klient?.Connected ?? false) {
                byte[] OutStream = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(message);
                try {
                    await klient.GetStream().WriteAsync(OutStream, 0, OutStream.Length);
                } catch (Exception error) {
                    MessageBox.Show(error.Message, Text);
                    return;
                }
            }
        }

        public async void StartReading(TcpClient k) {
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
            int n = 0;
            try {
                n = await k.GetStream().ReadAsync(buffer, 0, 1024);
            } catch (Exception error) {
                MessageBox.Show(error.Message, Text);
                return;
            }
            if (n > 0)
            {
                string receivedMsg = Encoding.Unicode.GetString(buffer, 0, n);
                UpdateChatMessage($"{GetTimestamp()} 对方: {receivedMsg}", HorizontalAlignment.Left);
            }
            StartReading(k);
        }

        // 安全更新聊天消息（处理跨线程UI访问）
        private void UpdateChatMessage(string message, HorizontalAlignment alignment)
        {
            if (tbxMessage.InvokeRequired)
            {
                tbxMessage.Invoke(new Action<string, HorizontalAlignment>(UpdateChatMessage), message, alignment);
                return;
            }
            tbxMessage.SelectionStart = tbxMessage.TextLength;
            tbxMessage.SelectionLength = 0;
            tbxMessage.SelectionAlignment = alignment;
            tbxMessage.AppendText($"{message}\r\n");
            tbxMessage.ScrollToCaret(); // 自动滚动到最新消息
        }

        private void Form1_FormClosed(object sender, FormClosedEventArgs e) {
            if (klient != null) {
                klient.Close();
            }
        }
    }
}

关键修改说明 #

• 替换控件类型：把原来的TextBox（tbxMessage）换成RichTextBox，因为只有RichTextBox支持对局部文本设置对齐方式。
• 时间戳生成：新增GetTimestamp()方法，生成格式为[yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss]的时间字符串，方便查看消息发送/接收时间。
• 跨线程UI更新：添加UpdateChatMessage()方法，用Invoke处理异步线程中更新UI的问题，避免WinForms跨线程访问异常。
• 消息对齐控制：发送消息时设置HorizontalAlignment.Right（右对齐），接收消息时设置HorizontalAlignment.Left（左对齐），模拟真实聊天软件布局。
• 输入校验：新增端口号、IP地址的合法性校验，避免无效输入导致的异常。
• 自动滚动：添加ScrollToCaret()方法，确保最新消息始终可见。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者EricC