C++中尝试多种循环均未成功，如何实现轮次交互直至双方初始时间归零？

现有代码的核心错误 #

• 循环后误加分号：while ((initialTime1 > 0));、while ((initialTime2 > 0)); 末尾的分号会把循环体变为空语句，后续大括号内的代码完全不会被循环执行
• 循环逻辑不符合轮流要求：现有代码是先后独立执行两个用户的循环，而非按轮次交替交互
• 缺少用户1的输入步骤：用户1的分支判断直接使用groupNumber1，没有写cin语句让用户1输入组别编号
• 终止条件不符合需求：现有逻辑是单个用户时间为0就停止该用户的循环，而非两个用户时间全部为0才终止整个流程

适配场景的最优循环选择 #

该场景需要按轮次交替执行流程，直到两个用户的剩余时间都归零，最优选择是外层while循环：

• 不需要用for：循环次数完全由用户的组别选择决定，没有固定迭代上限，用for需要额外维护无意义的迭代变量，冗余度高
• 不需要用do-while：如果初始状态下两个用户的时间都为0，do-while会强制执行一次交互流程，不符合业务逻辑
• while的终止条件设为(initialTime1 > 0 || initialTime2 > 0)：只要任意一个用户还有剩余时间就继续运行，每轮内分别判断两个用户的剩余时间，有余额则执行对应交互、扣费、加钱操作，余额为0则自动跳过该用户，完全匹配轮流交互、两人都用完才终止的需求

修正后的实现代码 #

// 提前定义组别对应的时间、金额常量
const int teensTime = 20, teensMoney = 10;
const int familyTime = 30, familyMoney = 20;
const int businessmenTime = 25, businessmenMoney = 18;
const int seniorcitizensTime = 15, seniorcitizensMoney = 8;
const int youngprofessionalsTime = 22, youngprofessionalsMoney = 15;

// 提前初始化两个用户的初始时间、收入、姓名等变量
int initialTime1 = 100, initialMoney1 = 0;
int initialTime2 = 100, initialMoney2 = 0;
string name1 = "User1", name2 = "User2";
int groupNumber1, groupNumber2;

// 外层循环：任意一个用户有剩余时间就继续轮次
while (initialTime1 > 0 || initialTime2 > 0)
{
    // 用户1流程：仅当剩余时间大于0时执行
    if (initialTime1 > 0)
    {
        cout << name1 << ", it is your turn. Choose what group to serve. \nChoose wisely. \n"
            "1 - A group of teenagers \n" 
            "2 - A family \n"
            "3 - A group of businessmen \n"
            "4 - A senior citizen couple \n"
            "5 - Young professional couple \n";
        cout << "Your choice:  ";
        cin >> groupNumber1;
        cout << '\n';
        cout << "You chose group number " << groupNumber1 << "." << endl;
        cout << '\n'; 

        if (groupNumber1 == 1)
        {
            initialMoney1 += teensMoney;
            initialTime1 -= teensTime;
            cout << "You now have a total of $" << initialMoney1 << " and have " << initialTime1 << " minutes remaining." << endl;   
        }
        else if (groupNumber1 == 2)
        {
            initialMoney1 += familyMoney;
            initialTime1 -= familyTime;
            cout << "You now have a total of $" << initialMoney1 << " and have " << initialTime1 << " minutes remaining." << endl;  
        }       
        else if (groupNumber1 == 3)
        {
            initialMoney1 += businessmenMoney;
            initialTime1 -= businessmenTime;
            cout << "You now have a total of $" << initialMoney1 << " and have " << initialTime1 << " minutes remaining." << endl;
        }
        else if (groupNumber1 == 4)
        {
            initialMoney1 += seniorcitizensMoney;
            initialTime1 -= seniorcitizensTime;
            cout << "You now have a total of $" << initialMoney1 << " and have " << initialTime1 << " minutes remaining." << endl;
        }
        else if (groupNumber1 == 5)
        {
            initialMoney1 += youngprofessionalsMoney;
            initialTime1 -= youngprofessionalsTime;
            cout << "You now have a total of $" << initialMoney1 << " and have " << initialTime1 << " minutes remaining." << endl;     
        }   
    }

    sleep(4);
    system("CLS");

    // 用户2流程：仅当剩余时间大于0时执行
    if (initialTime2 > 0)
    {
        cout << name2 << ", it is your turn. Choose what group to serve. \nChoose wisely. \n"
            "1 - A group of teenagers \n" 
            "2 - A family \n"
            "3 - A group of businessmen \n"
            "4 - A senior citizen couple \n"
            "5 - Young professional couple \n";
        cout << "Your choice:  ";
        cin >> groupNumber2;
        cout << '\n';
        cout << "You chose group number " << groupNumber2 << "." << endl;
        cout << '\n'; 

        if (groupNumber2 == 1)
        {
            initialMoney2 += teensMoney;
            initialTime2 -= teensTime;
            cout << "You now have a total of $" << initialMoney2 << " and have " << initialTime2 << " minutes remaining." << endl;    
        }
        else if (groupNumber2 == 2)
        {
            initialMoney2 += familyMoney;
            initialTime2 -= familyTime;
            cout << "You now have a total of $" << initialMoney2 << " and have " << initialTime2 << " minutes remaining." << endl;  
        }       
        else if (groupNumber2 == 3)
        {
            initialMoney2 += businessmenMoney;
            initialTime2 -= businessmenTime;
            cout << "You now have a total of $" << initialMoney2 << " and have " << initialTime2 << " minutes remaining." << endl;
        }
        else if (groupNumber2 == 4)
        {
            initialMoney2 += seniorcitizensMoney;
            initialTime2 -= seniorcitizensTime;
            cout << "You now have a total of $" << initialMoney2 << " and have " << initialTime2 << " minutes remaining." << endl;
        }
        else if (groupNumber2 == 5)
        {
            initialMoney2 += youngprofessionalsMoney;
            initialTime2 -= youngprofessionalsTime;
            cout << "You now have a total of $" << initialMoney2 << " and have " << initialTime2 << " minutes remaining." << endl;     
        }
    }

    sleep(4);
    system("CLS");
}

// 所有时间耗尽后输出最终结果
cout << "All time used. Final earnings:" << endl;
cout << name1 << ": $" << initialMoney1 << endl;
cout << name2 << ": $" << initialMoney2 << endl;

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者claire