Win10今日更新后Visual Studio 2019 Community安装失败 启动即崩溃

• 系统环境：Win10，今日刚完成系统更新
• 故障现象：此前电脑曾安装过VS，今年重装时下载完安装程序后启动直接崩溃，无法完成安装

相关日志 #

解压日志（dd_vs_BuildTools_decompression_log） #

[5/4/2021, 2:38:29] === Logging started: 2021/05/04 02:38:29 ===
[5/4/2021, 2:38:29] Executable: L:\Downloads\vs_BuildTools (1).exe v16.9.31205.134
[5/4/2021, 2:38:29] --- logging level: standard ---
[5/4/2021, 2:38:29] Directory 'C:\Users\91931\AppData\Local\TEMP_~1\c0ce4931cb3919c158\' has been selected for file extraction
[5/4/2021, 2:38:29] Extracting files to: C:\Users\(user)\AppData\Local\TEMP_~1\c0ce4931cb3919c158\
[5/4/2021, 2:38:29] Extraction took 219 milliseconds
[5/4/2021, 2:38:29] Executing extracted package: 'vs_bootstrapper_d15\vs_setup_bootstrapper.exe ' with commandline '  --env "_SFX_CAB_EXE_PACKAGE:L:\Downloads\vs_BuildTools (1).exe _SFX_CAB_EXE_ORIGINALWORKINGDIR:L:\Downloads"'
[5/4/2021, 2:38:36] The entire Box execution exiting with result code: 0x0
[5/4/2021, 2:38:36] Launched extracted application exiting with result code: 0x138a
[5/4/2021, 2:38:36] === Logging stopped: 2021/05/04 02:38:36 ===

引导程序日志（dd_bootstrapper_20210504023830.log） #

Beginning of the log. Start Time: 04/05/2021 2:38:30
VisualStudio Bootstrapper:04/05/2021 2:38:31: Commandline arguments = --env,_SFX_CAB_EXE_PACKAGE:L:\Downloads\vs_BuildTools (1).exe _SFX_CAB_EXE_ORIGINALWORKINGDIR:L:\Downloads
VisualStudio Bootstrapper:04/05/2021 2:38:31: Caught Exception: Type = DllNotFoundException, Message = Unable to load DLL 'Microsoft.C2RSignatureReader.Native.dll': The specified module could not be found. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x8007007E), StackTrace =    at C2RSignatureReader.Interop.C2RSignatureReaderNative.ParseArguments(String path, String[]& argumentsArray)
   at C2RSignatureReader.Interop.C2RSignatureReaderInterop.ParseArguments(String path, String[]& arguments)
   at Microsoft.VisualStudio.Setup.Bootstrapper.Program.Parse(String[] args, IServiceProvider serviceProvider, IC2RSignatureReaderInterop c2rSignatureReader, String entryAssemblyProcessName, String entryAssemblyProcessFullName)
   at Microsoft.VisualStudio.Setup.Bootstrapper.Program.Run(String[] args)
VisualStudio Bootstrapper:04/05/2021 2:38:31: General Failure. Message:Unable to load DLL 'Microsoft.C2RSignatureReader.Native.dll': The specified module could not be found. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x8007007E) Callstack:    at C2RSignatureReader.Interop.C2RSignatureReaderNative.ParseArguments(String path, String[]& argumentsArray)
   at C2RSignatureReader.Interop.C2RSignatureReaderInterop.ParseArguments(String path, String[]& arguments)
   at Microsoft.VisualStudio.Setup.Bootstrapper.Program.Parse(String[] args, IServiceProvider serviceProvider, IC2RSignatureReaderInterop c2rSignatureReader, String entryAssemblyProcessName, String entryAssemblyProcessFullName)
   at Microsoft.VisualStudio.Setup.Bootstrapper.Program.Run(String[] args) Inner Message: Internal Exception: 
VisualStudio Bootstrapper:04/05/2021 2:38:31: Watson: Sending Watson Bucket with:
VisualStudio Bootstrapper:04/05/2021 2:38:31: Watson: P1  = vs_setup_bootstrapper
VisualStudio Bootstrapper:04/05/2021 2:38:31: Watson: P2  = 2.9.3365.38425
VisualStudio Bootstrapper:04/05/2021 2:38:31: Watson: P3  = 
VisualStudio Bootstrapper:04/05/2021 2:38:31: Watson: P4  = 
VisualStudio Bootstrapper:04/05/2021 2:38:31: Watson: P5  = 
VisualStudio Bootstrapper:04/05/2021 2:38:31: Watson: P6  = n/a
VisualStudio Bootstrapper:04/05/2021 2:38:31: Watson: P7  = 5002
VisualStudio Bootstrapper:04/05/2021 2:38:31: Watson: P8  = -2146233052
VisualStudio Bootstrapper:04/05/2021 2:38:31: Watson: P9  = 
VisualStudio Bootstrapper:04/05/2021 2:38:31: Watson: P10 = 
VisualStudio Bootstrapper:04/05/2021 2:38:31: Watson: Including dmp file
VisualStudio Bootstrapper:04/05/2021 2:38:31: Watson: Including Log : C:\Users\(user)\AppData\Local\Temp;\dd_bootstrapper_20210504023830.log

提问者备注：几乎尝试了所有可行方案，仍无法完成安装。 #

日志核心报错为DllNotFoundException，无法加载Microsoft.C2RSignatureReader.Native.dll，返回码0x8007007E，按以下优先级执行排查修复：

1. 安装最新版VC++运行库 #

• 同时安装x86、x64架构的Microsoft Visual C++ Redistributable最新版本
• 安装完成后重启设备再运行VS Build Tools安装程序

2. 清理临时缓存并重下安装包 #

• 按Win+R输入%TEMP%打开临时目录，删除所有前缀为vs_的临时解压文件夹
• 删除原有下载的安装程序文件，重新获取安装包，右键选择「以管理员身份运行」启动

3. 清理旧VS安装残留 #

• 在「应用和功能」中卸载所有Visual Studio相关组件（含旧版Build Tools、VS Installer）
• 手动删除以下残留目录：
  • C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\
  • C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\VisualStudio\
  • %LOCALAPPDATA%\Microsoft\VisualStudio\
• 重启设备后重试安装

4. 修复Win10系统组件 #

刚完成的系统更新可能导致系统文件损坏：

• 以管理员身份打开命令提示符，依次执行以下命令：
  • sfc /scannow
  • DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth
• 命令执行完成后重启设备，再尝试安装

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Morales Bao