RedHat系统安装hdf5-openmpi-devel依赖问题求助

我需要安装能提供hdf5.h的软件包，但该包在RedHat官方仓库里找不到。于是从rpmfind.net下载了hdf5-openmpi-devel-1.8.5.patch1-10.el6.i686.rpm，尝试用yum本地安装时，系统提示缺少多个依赖文件，但这些文件明明已经存在于系统中，不知道该怎么解决？

测试1：yum安装时的报错输出 #

# yum install /shared/hdf5-openmpi-devel-1.8.5.patch1-10.el6.i686.rpm
Loaded plugins: product-id, rhnplugin, security, subscription-manager
This system is receiving updates from RHN Classic or RHN Satellite.
Setting up Install Process
Examining /shared/hdf5-openmpi-devel-1.8.5.patch1-10.el6.i686.rpm: hdf5-openmpi-devel-1.8.5.patch1-10.el6.i686
Marking /shared/hdf5-openmpi-devel-1.8.5.patch1-10.el6.i686.rpm to be installed
Resolving Dependencies
---> Running transaction check
---> Package hdf5-openmpi-devel.i686 0:1.8.5.patch1-10.el6 will be installed
---> Processing Dependency: hdf5-openmpi(x86-32) = 1.8.5.patch1-10.el6 for package: hdf5-openmpi-devel-1.8.5.patch1-10.el6.i686
---> Processing Dependency: libhdf5.so.6 for package: hdf5-openmpi-devel-1.8.5.patch1-10.el6.i686
---> Processing Dependency: libhdf5_fortran.so.6 for package: hdf5-openmpi-devel-1.8.5.patch1-10.el6.i686
---> Processing Dependency: libhdf5_hl.so.6 for package: hdf5-openmpi-devel-1.8.5.patch1-10.el6.i686
---> Processing Dependency: libhdf5hl_fortran.so.6 for package: hdf5-openmpi-devel-1.8.5.patch1-10.el6.i686
---> Finished Dependency Resolution
Error: Package: hdf5-openmpi-devel-1.8.5.patch1-10.el6.i686 (/hdf5-openmpi-devel-1.8.5.patch1-10.el6.i686)
           Requires: libhdf5.so.6
Error: Package: hdf5-openmpi-devel-1.8.5.patch1-10.el6.i686 (/hdf5-openmpi-devel-1.8.5.patch1-10.el6.i686)
           Requires: hdf5-openmpi(x86-32) = 1.8.5.patch1-10.el6
Error: Package: hdf5-openmpi-devel-1.8.5.patch1-10.el6.i686 (/hdf5-openmpi-devel-1.8.5.patch1-10.el6.i686)
           Requires: libhdf5_fortran.so.6
Error: Package: hdf5-openmpi-devel-1.8.5.patch1-10.el6.i686 (/hdf5-openmpi-devel-1.8.5.patch1-10.el6.i686)
           Requires: libhdf5_hl.so.6
Error: Package: hdf5-openmpi-devel-1.8.5.patch1-10.el6.i686 (/hdf5-openmpi-devel-1.8.5.patch1-10.el6.i686)
           Requires: libhdf5hl_fortran.so.6
 You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem
 You could try running: rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest

测试2：系统已安装的hdf5包文件列表 #

$ repoquery -l --installed hdf5
/usr/bin/gif2h5
/usr/bin/h52gif
/usr/bin/h5copy
/usr/bin/h5debug
/usr/bin/h5diff
/usr/bin/h5dump
/usr/bin/h5import
/usr/bin/h5jam
/usr/bin/h5ls
/usr/bin/h5mkgrp
/usr/bin/h5perf_serial
/usr/bin/h5repack
/usr/bin/h5repart
/usr/bin/h5stat
/usr/bin/h5unjam
/usr/lib64/libhdf5.so.6
/usr/lib64/libhdf5.so.6.0.4
/usr/lib64/libhdf5_cpp.so.6
/usr/lib64/libhdf5_cpp.so.6.0.4
/usr/lib64/libhdf5_fortran.so.6
/usr/lib64/libhdf5_fortran.so.6.0.4
/usr/lib64/libhdf5_hl.so.6
/usr/lib64/libhdf5_hl.so.6.0.4
/usr/lib64/libhdf5_hl_cpp.so.6
/usr/lib64/libhdf5_hl_cpp.so.6.0.4
/usr/lib64/libhdf5hl_fortran.so.6
/usr/lib64/libhdf5hl_fortran.so.6.0.4
/usr/share/doc/hdf5-1.8.5.patch1
/usr/share/doc/hdf5-1.8.5.patch1/COPYING
/usr/share/doc/hdf5-1.8.5.patch1/HISTORY-1_0-1_8_0_rc3.txt
/usr/share/doc/hdf5-1.8.5.patch1/HISTORY-1_8.txt
/usr/share/doc/hdf5-1.8.5.patch1/MANIFEST
/usr/share/doc/hdf5-1.8.5.patch1/README.txt
/usr/share/doc/hdf5-1.8.5.patch1/RELEASE.txt

核心原因：架构不匹配 #

你下载的是**32位（i686）**的hdf5-openmpi-devel包，但你的系统是64位的——从测试2里的文件路径/usr/lib64/就能看出来（64位系统的库文件默认存在lib64目录，32位则在lib目录）。yum会严格检查依赖包的架构一致性，所以32位的devel包会去找32位的libhdf5.so.6等库，但你的系统里只有64位版本，因此报错。

具体解决步骤 #

1. 下载对应架构的RPM包
   去rpmfind.net搜索并下载x86_64架构的两个包：

   • hdf5-openmpi-1.8.5.patch1-10.el6.x86_64.rpm（主包，满足hdf5-openmpi(x86-64)=1.8.5.patch1-10.el6的依赖）
   • hdf5-openmpi-devel-1.8.5.patch1-10.el6.x86_64.rpm（对应的64位开发包）

2. 按顺序安装包
   先安装主包，再安装开发包，用yum自动处理依赖：

   yum install /shared/hdf5-openmpi-1.8.5.patch1-10.el6.x86_64.rpm
   yum install /shared/hdf5-openmpi-devel-1.8.5.patch1-10.el6.x86_64.rpm
   

3. 应急方案（不推荐）
   如果实在找不到对应架构的包，可强制忽略依赖安装，但可能导致库冲突或编译问题：

   rpm -ivh --nodeps /shared/hdf5-openmpi-devel-1.8.5.patch1-10.el6.i686.rpm
   

   这种情况下，后续编译程序时需要手动指定32位库的路径，风险较高，优先推荐架构匹配的包。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者sancho.s ReinstateMonicaCellio