Android Studio模拟器中Mapbox 6.0.1导航应用持续崩溃求故障定位

在Android Studio中使用Mapbox 6.0.1版本开发导航应用，代码无任何编译报错，但在API 30的多款模拟器（Pixel 2/3a/4）上运行时均出现启动崩溃、无法启动的问题。

1. AndroidManifest.xml #

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.ens492runningapp">

    <!-- 使用位置权限 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/Theme.Ens492RunningApp">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity" android:theme="@style/Theme.AppCompat">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>

2. MainActivity.java #

package com.example.ens492runningapp;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.PersistableBundle;

import com.mapbox.mapboxsdk.Mapbox;
import com.mapbox.mapboxsdk.maps.MapView;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    // 地图视图变量
    private MapView mapView;

    // 实现所有生命周期方法
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        Mapbox.getInstance(this, getString(R.string.access_token)); // 获取访问令牌
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        mapView = (MapView) findViewById(R.id.mapView);
        mapView.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onStart() {
        super.onStart();
        mapView.onStart();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        mapView.onResume();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPause() {
        super.onPause();
        mapView.onPause();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onStop() {
        super.onStop();
        mapView.onStop();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onSaveInstanceState(@NonNull Bundle outState) {
        super.onSaveInstanceState(outState);
        mapView.onSaveInstanceState(outState);
    }

    @Override
    public void onLowMemory() {
        super.onLowMemory();
        mapView.onLowMemory();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        mapView.onDestroy();
    }
}

3. activity_main.xml #

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:mapbox="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <!-- 引入地图到应用 -->
    <com.mapbox.mapboxsdk.maps.MapView
        android:id="@+id/mapView"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        mapbox:mapbox_cameraTargetLat = "37.7749"
        mapbox:mapbox_cameraTargetLng = "-122.4194"
        mapbox:mapbox_styleUrl = "mapbox://styles/mapbox/traffic-day-v2"
        mapbox:mapbox_cameraZoom = "12"
        />

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

4. Logcat崩溃日志 #

2021-05-10 15:35:59.147 9599-9599/com.example.ens492runningapp E/AndroidRuntime: FATAL EXCEPTION: main
    Process: com.example.ens492runningapp, PID: 9599
    java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{com.example.ens492runningapp/com.example.ens492runningapp.MainActivity}: java.lang.SecurityException: getDataNetworkTypeForSubscriber
        at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:3449)
        at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:3601)
        at android.app.servertransaction.LaunchActivityItem.execute(LaunchActivityItem.java:85)
        at android.app.servertransaction.TransactionExecutor.executeCallbacks(TransactionExecutor.java:135)
        at android.app.servertransaction.TransactionExecutor.execute(TransactionExecutor.java:95)
        at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:2066)
        at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:106)
        at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:223)
        at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:7656)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
        at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:592)
        at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:947)
     Caused by: java.lang.SecurityException: getDataNetworkTypeForSubscriber
        at android.os.Parcel.createExceptionOrNull(Parcel.java:2373)
        at android.os.Parcel.createException(Parcel.java:2357)
        at android.os.Parcel.readException(Parcel.java:2340)
        at android.os.Parcel.readException(Parcel.java:2282)
        at com.android.internal.telephony.ITelephony$Stub$Proxy.getNetworkTypeForSubscriber(ITelephony.java:8762)
        at android.telephony.TelephonyManager.getNetworkType(TelephonyManager.java:3021)
        at android.telephony.TelephonyManager.getNetworkType(TelephonyManager.java:2985)
        at com.mapbox.android.telemetry.TelemetryUtils.obtainCellularNetworkType(TelemetryUtils.java:148)
        at com.mapbox.android.telemetry.MapLoadEvent.<init>(MapLoadEvent.java:48)
        at com.mapbox.android.telemetry.MapEventFactory.buildMapLoadEvent(MapEventFactory.java:139)
        at com.mapbox.android.telemetry.MapEventFactory.createMapLoadEvent(MapEventFactory.java:56)
        at com.mapbox.mapboxsdk.maps.MapView.onCreate(MapView.java:276)
        at com.example.ens492runningapp.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:24)
        at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:8000)
        at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:7984)
        at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1309)
        at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:3422)
        at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:3601) 
        at android.app.servertransaction.LaunchActivityItem.execute(LaunchActivityItem.java:85) 
        at android.app.servertransaction.TransactionExecutor.executeCallbacks(TransactionExecutor.java:135) 
        at android.app.servertransaction.TransactionExecutor.execute(TransactionExecutor.java:95) 
        at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:2066) 
        at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:106) 
        at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:223) 
        at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:7656) 
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method) 
        at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:592) 
        at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:947) 

从崩溃日志的安全异常提示可以定位到，问题出在Mapbox 6.0.1版本内置的遥测统计模块，在Android 11（API 30）系统上读取网络类型时，缺少对应权限触发了崩溃。Android 11对读取电话状态、网络类型的权限做了更严格的限制，Mapbox 6.0.1未适配该版本的权限规则。

三种方案任选其一即可：

• 方案1：补充申请权限。在AndroidManifest.xml中添加android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE权限，若应用targetSdkVersion≥30，还需要在代码中动态申请该权限。
• 方案2：关闭Mapbox遥测功能。在Mapbox.getInstance()调用之后添加代码Mapbox.setTelemetryEnabled(false);，不需要额外申请权限即可解决崩溃。
• 方案3：升级Mapbox SDK到适配Android 11的更高版本，官方后续版本已经修复了该兼容性问题。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Koray Kaloglu