如何配置Dart Linter：除Lambda外强制所有位置添加类型注解

我想要让我的Dart Linter针对除Lambda表达式外的所有缺失类型注解情况发出警告——毕竟缺失类型注解会拉低代码可读性，好处却没多少。

需要触发警告的代码示例 #

以下这些语句应该触发类型缺失的警告：

const s = 'my string'; // 需指定类型注解
foo() => 'foo'; // foo缺少返回类型
List bar() => ['bar', 'baz']; // 需指定类型注解

无需触发警告的代码示例 #

而这类Lambda表达式的场景，不应该触发警告：

<String>['qux', 'quux', 'corge'].map((s) => s.toUpperCase());

对应的analysis_options.yaml配置调整 #

目前我的配置里已经启用了always_specify_types规则，但它会对Lambda表达式的参数也触发警告，这不是我想要的。我们可以通过调整规则组合来实现需求：

1. 保留always_specify_types规则，确保变量、函数返回值等场景的类型注解检查
2. 启用avoid_types_on_closure_parameters规则，让Linter忽略Lambda表达式的参数类型注解检查

关键配置部分如下：

analyzer:
  strong-mode:
    implicit-dynamic: false
  errors:
    missing_required_param: warning
    missing_return: warning
    # 其他错误配置...
linter:
  rules:
    # 其他规则...
    - always_specify_types
    - avoid_types_on_closure_parameters
    # 其他规则...

完整的analysis_options.yaml配置 #

# 指定分析选项。
#
# 在有元linter规则之前，必须显式启用每个所需的lint。
#
# lint列表详见Dart Lint规则页面
# 更多配置指南请查看Dart分析器配置文档
#
# Flutter仓库中有其他类似的分析选项文件，
# 应与本文件保持同步：
#
# - analysis_options.yaml（本文件）
# - packages/flutter/lib/analysis_options_user.yaml
# - Flutter plugins仓库的analysis_options.yaml
# - Flutter engine仓库的analysis_options.yaml
#
# 本文件包含Flutter工具（如IntelliJ、Android Studio和`flutter analyze`命令）使用的分析选项。
analyzer:
  strong-mode:
    implicit-dynamic: false
  errors:
    # 将缺少必填参数视为警告（而非提示）
    missing_required_param: warning
    # 将缺少返回值视为警告（而非提示）
    missing_return: warning
    # 允许代码中存在TODO
    todo: warning
    # 使用Future或Stream但未导入dart:async时，忽略分析器的pubspec更新提示
    sdk_version_async_exported_from_core: ignore
  exclude:
    - "bin/cache/**"
    # 以下两个路径分别相对于stocks示例和flutter包
    - "lib/i18n/stock_messages_*.dart"
    - "lib/src/http/**"
linter:
  rules:
    # 这些规则按Dart Lint规则页面的顺序记录，便于维护
    - always_declare_return_types
    # - always_put_control_body_on_new_line
    # - always_put_required_named_parameters_first # 我们更倾向于参数顺序与字段一致
    - always_require_non_null_named_parameters
    - always_specify_types
    - annotate_overrides
    # - avoid_annotating_with_dynamic # 与always_specify_types冲突
    - avoid_as
    - avoid_bool_literals_in_conditional_expressions
    # - avoid_catches_without_on_clauses # 我们经常这样做
    # - avoid_catching_errors # 我们经常这样做
    # - avoid_classes_with_only_static_members
    # - avoid_double_and_int_checks # 仅在针对JS运行时有用
    - avoid_empty_else
    - avoid_field_initializers_in_const_classes
    - avoid_function_literals_in_foreach_calls
    # - avoid_implementing_value_types # 尚未测试
    - avoid_init_to_null
    # - avoid_js_rounded_ints # 仅在针对JS运行时有用
    - avoid_null_checks_in_equality_operators
    # - avoid_positional_boolean_parameters # 尚未测试
    # - avoid_private_typedef_functions # 我们更倾向于使用typedef
    - avoid_relative_lib_imports
    - avoid_return_types_on_setters
    # - avoid_returning_null # 有很多合理的理由返回null
    # - avoid_returning_null_for_future # 尚未测试
    - avoid_returning_null_for_void
    # - avoid_returning_this # 有很多合理的理由返回this
    # - avoid_setters_without_getters # 尚未测试
    # - avoid_shadowing_type_parameters # 尚未测试
    # - avoid_single_cascade_in_expression_statements # 尚未测试
    - avoid_slow_async_io
    - avoid_types_as_parameter_names
    - avoid_types_on_closure_parameters # 新增：忽略Lambda表达式参数的类型注解检查
    - avoid_unused_constructor_parameters
    - avoid_void_async
    - await_only_futures
    - camel_case_types
    - cancel_subscriptions
    # - cascade_invocations # 尚未测试
    # - close_sinks # 不够可靠
    # - comment_references # 被相关问题阻塞
    # - constant_identifier_names # 需要退出选项
    - control_flow_in_finally
    # - curly_braces_in_flow_control_structures # 尚未测试
    # - diagnostic_describe_all_properties # 尚未测试
    - directives_ordering
    - empty_catches
    - empty_constructor_bodies
    - empty_statements
    # - file_names # 尚未测试
    - flutter_style_todos
    - hash_and_equals
    - implementation_imports
    # - invariant_booleans # 误报太多
    - iterable_contains_unrelated_type
    # - join_return_with_assignment # 尚未测试
    - library_names
    - library_prefixes
    # - lines_longer_than_80_chars # 尚未测试
    - list_remove_unrelated_type
    # - literal_only_boolean_expressions # 误报太多
    - no_adjacent_strings_in_list
    - no_duplicate_case_values
    - non_constant_identifier_names
    # - null_closures # 尚未测试
    # - omit_local_variable_types # 与always_specify_types相反
    # - one_member_abstracts # 误报太多
    # - only_throw_errors # 相关问题待处理
    - overridden_fields
    - package_api_docs
    - package_names
    - package_prefixed_library_names
    # - parameter_assignments # 我们经常这样做
    - prefer_adjacent_string_concatenation
    - prefer_asserts_in_initializer_lists
    # - prefer_asserts_with_message # 尚未测试
    - prefer_collection_literals
    - prefer_conditional_assignment
    - prefer_const_constructors
    - prefer_const_constructors_in_immutables
    - prefer_const_declarations
    - prefer_const_literals_to_create_immutables
    # - prefer_constructors_over_static_methods # 尚未测试
    - prefer_contains
    # - prefer_double_quotes # 与prefer_single_quotes相反
    - prefer_equal_for_default_values
    # - prefer_expression_function_bodies # 与Flutter仓库风格指南冲突
    - prefer_final_fields
    # - prefer_final_in_for_each # 尚未测试
    - prefer_final_locals
    # - prefer_for_elements_to_map_fromIterable # 尚未测试
    - prefer_foreach
    # - prefer_function_declarations_over_variables # 尚未测试
    - prefer_generic_function_type_aliases
    # - prefer_if_elements_to_conditional_expressions # 尚未测试
    - prefer_if_null_operators
    - prefer_initializing_formals
    - prefer_inlined_adds
    # - prefer_int_literals # 尚未测试
    # - prefer_interpolation_to_compose_strings # 尚未测试
    - prefer_is_empty
    - prefer_is_not_empty
    - prefer_iterable_whereType
    # - prefer_mixin # 相关语言特性待完善
    # - prefer_null_aware_operators # 在NNBD之前禁用
    - prefer_single_quotes
    - prefer_spread_collections
    - prefer_typing_uninitialized_variables
    - prefer_void_to_null
    # - provide_deprecation_message # 尚未测试
    # - public_member_api_docs # 按情况启用；例如见packages/analysis_options.yaml
    - recursive_getters
    - slash_for_doc_comments
    # - sort_child_properties_last # 尚未测试
    - sort_constructors_first
    - sort_pub_dependencies
    - sort_unnamed_constructors_first
    - test_types_in_equals
    - throw_in_finally
    # - type_annotate_public_apis # always_specify_types的子集
    - type_init_formals
    # - unawaited_futures # 误报太多
    # - unnecessary_await_in_return # 尚未测试
    - unnecessary_brace_in_string_interps
    - unnecessary_const
    - unnecessary_getters_setters
    # - unnecessary_lambdas # 有误报
    - unnecessary_new
    - unnecessary_null_aware_assignments
    - unnecessary_null_in_if_null_operators
    - unnecessary_overrides
    - unnecessary_parenthesis
    - unnecessary_statements
    - unnecessary_this
    - unrelated_type_equality_checks
    # - unsafe_html # 尚未测试
    - use_full_hex_values_for_flutter_colors
    # - use_function_type_syntax_for_parameters # 尚未测试
    - use_rethrow_when_possible
    # - use_setters_to_change_properties # 尚未测试
    # - use_string_buffers # 有误报
    # - use_to_and_as_if_applicable # 有误报，因此我们更倾向于通过代码审查发现
    - valid_regexps
    # - void_checks # 尚未测试

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Pado