如何通过Selenium RemoteWebDriver在服务器上无需ChromeDriver.exe启动谷歌浏览器？

我希望在服务器上不使用ChromeDriver.exe启动谷歌浏览器，尝试用RemoteWebDriver但出现404错误。

My Code #

public class DEMO {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws MalformedURLException {
        // create a Chrome Web Driver
        URL local = new URL("http://localhost:8080");
        WebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(local, DesiredCapabilities.chrome());
        // open the browser and go to open google.com
        driver.get("https://www.google.com");
        driver.manage().window().maximize();
    }
}

Error Message #

Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.UnsupportedCommandException:

HTTP Status 404 - /session

---

type Status report

message /session

description The requested resource is not available.

---

Apache Tomcat/7.0.47

Command duration or timeout: 333 milliseconds
Build info: version: '2.53.0', revision: '35ae25b', time: '2016-03-15 17:01:03'

Hey there, let's break down what's causing this 404 error and fix it step by step:

Root Cause #

Your code is pointing the RemoteWebDriver to Apache Tomcat (port 8080) instead of a running Selenium Server/Grid Hub. Tomcat has no idea what the /session endpoint is (that's a Selenium-specific path for creating browser sessions)—so it throws a 404.

Step-by-Step Fix #

1. Grab the matching Selenium Server JAR
   You're using Selenium version 2.53.0, so make sure to download the exact matching selenium-server-standalone-2.53.0.jar (version mismatch will cause weird issues later).

2. Start the Selenium Server
   Open a command prompt/terminal and run this command (replace the file path with where you saved the JAR):

   java -jar selenium-server-standalone-2.53.0.jar
   

   By default, this starts the server on port 4444, and the correct endpoint for session creation is http://localhost:4444/wd/hub.

   If ChromeDriver isn't in your system PATH, you need to specify its location when starting the server:

   java -Dwebdriver.chrome.driver="/path/to/your/chromedriver" -jar selenium-server-standalone-2.53.0.jar
   

3. Update your Java code
   Change the URL to point to the Selenium Server's correct endpoint, not Tomcat:

   public class DEMO {
       public static void main(String[] args) throws MalformedURLException {
           // Point to Selenium Server's hub endpoint (not Tomcat!)
           URL seleniumHub = new URL("http://localhost:4444/wd/hub");
           WebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(seleniumHub, DesiredCapabilities.chrome());
           // open the browser and go to google.com
           driver.get("https://www.google.com");
           driver.manage().window().maximize();
       }
   }
   

Why This Works #

• The Selenium Server acts as a middleman between your code and the browser, handling communication via ChromeDriver behind the scenes.
• The /wd/hub path is the standard endpoint for Selenium's JSON Wire Protocol, which your RemoteWebDriver uses to send commands like creating a session or navigating to a URL.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Suyash