Packer构建amazon-ebs镜像调用Puppet提示command not found如何解决

根因分析 #

报错sudo: puppet: command not found的核心原因是：你所使用的Ubuntu 16.04官方AWS基础镜像默认未预装Puppet运行环境，而Packer的puppet-masterless预置器仅负责上传Puppet配置清单、调用Puppet命令执行，不会自动在目标构建实例上安装Puppet组件。

解决方法 #

1. 调整Packer模板的provisioners配置，在puppet-masterless步骤前新增shell预置器，提前安装Puppet，修改后的完整模板如下：

{
    "builders": [
        {
            "ami_name": "packer-linux-aws-demo-{{timestamp}}",
            "instance_type": "t3.micro",
            "region": "us-west-2",
            "source_ami_filter": {
            "filters": {
            "virtualization-type": "hvm",
            "name": "ubuntu/images/*ubuntu-xenial-16.04-amd64-server-*",
            "root-device-type": "ebs"
            },
            "most_recent": true
            },
            "ssh_username": "ubuntu",
            "type": "amazon-ebs"
        }
    ],
    "provisioners": [
        {
            "type": "shell",
            "inline": [
                "sudo apt-get update -y",
                "sudo apt-get install -y puppet"
            ]
        },
        {
            "type": "puppet-masterless",
            "manifest_file": "file.pp"
        }
    ]
}

2. 调整完成后重新执行packer build <模板文件名>命令即可正常完成构建。

备选排查方案 #

如果安装Puppet后仍然提示命令不存在，是因为sudo执行环境的PATH变量未包含Puppet的安装路径，可在puppet-masterless配置中显式指定Puppet二进制文件路径：

{
    "type": "puppet-masterless",
    "manifest_file": "file.pp",
    "puppet_path": "/usr/bin/puppet"
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者user14494913