如何在Windows上配置JUnit，适配Sublime Text 3与命令行运行测试

Hey there! Let's get JUnit set up properly on Windows for both command-line testing and Sublime Text 3. Since you already have junit.jar and hamcrest-core.jar ready, we just need to wire everything up step by step.

First, let's get the command line working—this is the foundation, and it'll make setting up Sublime easier too.

• Step 1: Organize your JAR files
  Create a dedicated folder to store your JUnit libraries (e.g., C:\Java\libs). Move both junit.jar and hamcrest-core.jar into this folder. Keeping dependencies in a fixed spot avoids messy paths later.

• Step 2: Compile your code and tests
  Suppose your source file (e.g., Calculator.java) and test file (e.g., CalculatorTest.java) are in a project folder like C:\Java\projects\calc. Open Command Prompt, navigate to that folder with cd C:\Java\projects\calc, then run:

  javac -cp "C:\Java\libs\junit.jar;C:\Java\libs\hamcrest-core.jar;." Calculator.java CalculatorTest.java
  

  Breakdown of the command:

  • -cp = classpath: tells Java where to find JUnit and your own classes.
  • Semicolons (;) separate paths on Windows (use colons : on Mac/Linux).
  • The . includes the current directory so Java can locate your source files.

• Step 3: Run the tests
  Once compilation succeeds, execute the tests with:

  java -cp "C:\Java\libs\junit.jar;C:\Java\libs\hamcrest-core.jar;." org.junit.runner.JUnitCore CalculatorTest
  

  You'll see output showing passed/failed tests right in the command prompt.

Let's create a custom build system so you can run tests directly from Sublime with a single keypress.

• Step 1: Create a JUnit build system
  Open Sublime, go to Tools > Build System > New Build System.... Replace the default JSON with this (adjust the JAR paths to match your C:\Java\libs folder if you used a different location):

  {
      "cmd": ["javac", "-cp", "\"C:\\Java\\libs\\junit.jar;C:\\Java\\libs\\hamcrest-core.jar;.\"", "$file", "${file_base_name}Test.java", "&&", "java", "-cp", "\"C:\\Java\\libs\\junit.jar;C:\\Java\\libs\\hamcrest-core.jar;.\"", "org.junit.runner.JUnitCore", "${file_base_name}Test"],
      "file_regex": "^(...*?):([0-9]*):?([0-9]*)",
      "selector": "source.java",
      "shell": true,
      "working_dir": "${file_path}"
  }
  

  Save the file as JUnit.sublime-build—Sublime should auto-save it to your User build systems folder.

• Step 2: Run tests in Sublime
  Open your test file (e.g., CalculatorTest.java) in Sublime. Go to Tools > Build System and select JUnit. Press Ctrl+B to compile and run your tests. The results will appear in the console at the bottom of the Sublime window.

• Class not found errors: Double-check the classpath includes the current directory (.) and the correct paths to your JAR files. Typos in paths are a common culprit!
• Compilation fails: Ensure your test classes import JUnit correctly (e.g., import static org.junit.Assert.*; and import org.junit.Test;).
• Sublime build doesn't run: Make sure you have the test file active (not the source file) when pressing Ctrl+B, and verify the JAR paths in the build system JSON use double backslashes (\\) for Windows paths.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者ek9