Python2升级Python3后webhook POST请求报str类型TypeError如何解决

报错根因 #

你遇到的TypeError: POST data should be bytes...报错有两个核心原因：

1. 升级后的Python3代码存在缩进错误，send_webhook_request 函数内部所有逻辑都没有正确缩进，导致body = body.encode()转换逻辑根本没有执行，传入的json.dumps()生成的字符串直接传给了urllib.request.Request，触发类型校验错误
2. 编码转换未显式指定编码格式，存在跨环境兼容性隐患

修复步骤 #

• 先修正函数缩进，确保所有函数内代码都在函数定义的缩进层级下
• 显式指定编码格式转换body为字节类型，还可以增加类型判断避免重复编码报错
• 可选优化返回值格式，根据业务需要把响应的字节类型转为字符串

修正后完整代码 #

import sys
import base64
import urllib.error
import urllib.request

def send_webhook_request(url, body, user_agent=None):
    if url is None:
        print("ERROR No URL provided", file=sys.stderr)
        return False
    print("INFO Sending POST request to url=%s with size=%d bytes payload" % (url, len(body)), file=sys.stderr)
    print("DEBUG Body: %s" % body, file=sys.stderr)
    try:
        user="integration.argossplunk"
        password="hv6ep_gXR+M$#8tk@e4cePYx@*Er4VD#"
        credentials = (user + ':' + password).encode('utf-8')
        base64_encoded_credentials = base64.b64encode(credentials).decode('utf-8')
        headers = {'Authorization': 'Basic ' + base64_encoded_credentials, "Content-Type": "application/json", 'User-Agent': user_agent}
        # 新增类型判断+显式指定utf-8编码，避免报错
        if isinstance(body, str):
            body = body.encode('utf-8')
        req = urllib.request.Request(url, body, headers)
        res = urllib.request.urlopen(req)
        response = res.read()
        if 200 <= res.code < 300:
            print("INFO Webhook receiver responded with HTTP status=%d" % res.code, file=sys.stderr)
            # 如果需要返回字符串可以改为 return response.decode('utf-8')
            return response
        else:
            print("ERROR Webhook receiver responded with HTTP status=%d" % res.code, file=sys.stderr)
            return False
    except urllib.error.HTTPError as e:
        print("ERROR Error sending webhook request: %s" % e, file=sys.stderr)
    except urllib.error.URLError as e:
        print("ERROR Error sending webhook request: %s" % e, file=sys.stderr)
    except ValueError as e:
        print("ERROR Invalid URL: %s" % e, file=sys.stderr)
    return False

修复后原来的调用方式send_webhook_request(url, json.dumps(body), user_agent=user_agent)可以正常运行。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者umang kaul