Spring MVC如何记录所有请求（含resource not found请求）

你说得太对了！Spring MVC的Interceptor确实搞不定那些「找不到资源」的404请求——毕竟Interceptor的执行逻辑是绑定在DispatcherServlet找到对应的handler之后的，连handler都找不到，Interceptor的前置、后置方法根本没机会触发。下面给你几个经过实践验证的可行方案：

Filter是Servlet规范里的核心组件，它的执行时机早于Spring MVC的DispatcherServlet，不管请求最终能不能找到对应的handler，都会经过Filter，所以用它来统一记录所有请求非常靠谱。

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;

@WebFilter(urlPatterns = "/*")
public class RequestLoggingFilter implements Filter {

    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        HttpServletRequest httpRequest = (HttpServletRequest) request;
        // 记录请求核心信息
        String method = httpRequest.getMethod();
        String requestURI = httpRequest.getRequestURI();
        String remoteAddr = httpRequest.getRemoteAddr();
        LocalDateTime timestamp = LocalDateTime.now();

        System.out.printf("[%s] 请求信息：%s %s，来自IP：%s%n", timestamp, method, requestURI, remoteAddr);

        // 继续执行请求链，让后续组件处理请求
        chain.doFilter(request, response);

        // 这里还能记录响应状态码，比如404、200等
        int status = ((javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse) response).getStatus();
        System.out.printf("[%s] 响应状态码：%d%n", timestamp, status);
    }

    // init和destroy方法按需实现，不需要额外逻辑的话可以留空
    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {}

    @Override
    public void destroy() {}
}

如果是Spring Boot项目，记得在启动类上加上@ServletComponentScan注解，让Spring能扫描到这个自定义Filter。

默认情况下，DispatcherServlet遇到找不到handler的请求时，不会抛出异常，而是直接返回404页面。我们需要先开启「找不到handler就抛异常」的配置，再通过全局异常处理器捕获并记录请求：

1. 配置DispatcherServlet：

   • 若用XML配置（web.xml）：

     <servlet>
         <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
         <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
         <init-param>
             <param-name>throwExceptionIfNoHandlerFound</param-name>
             <param-value>true</param-value>
         </init-param>
         <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
     </servlet>
     

   • 若用Java配置（Spring Boot）：

     import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean;
     import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
     import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
     import org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet;
     
     @Configuration
     public class WebConfig {
     
         @Bean
         public ServletRegistrationBean<DispatcherServlet> dispatcherServletRegistration(DispatcherServlet dispatcherServlet) {
             ServletRegistrationBean<DispatcherServlet> registration = new ServletRegistrationBean<>(dispatcherServlet);
             registration.addInitParameter("throwExceptionIfNoHandlerFound", "true");
             return registration;
         }
     }
     

2. 自定义全局异常处理器捕获NoHandlerFoundException：

   import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
   import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
   import org.springframework.web.servlet.NoHandlerFoundException;
   
   import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
   import java.time.LocalDateTime;
   
   @ControllerAdvice
   public class GlobalExceptionHandler {
   
       @ExceptionHandler(NoHandlerFoundException.class)
       public String handleNoHandlerFound(NoHandlerFoundException ex, HttpServletRequest request) {
           // 记录404请求的详细信息
           String method = request.getMethod();
           String requestURI = request.getRequestURI();
           String remoteAddr = request.getRemoteAddr();
           LocalDateTime timestamp = LocalDateTime.now();
   
           System.out.printf("[%s] 404 Not Found：%s %s，来自IP：%s%n", timestamp, method, requestURI, remoteAddr);
   
           // 返回自定义404页面或JSON响应，根据你的业务需求调整
           return "error/404";
       }
   }
   

Spring Boot默认提供了BasicErrorController来处理所有错误请求，我们可以自定义一个ErrorController来接管错误处理逻辑，同时记录请求信息：

import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.error.ErrorController;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/error")
public class CustomErrorController implements ErrorController {

    @GetMapping
    public String handleError(HttpServletRequest request) {
        // 从请求属性中获取错误相关信息
        String method = request.getMethod();
        String requestURI = (String) request.getAttribute("javax.servlet.error.request_uri");
        String remoteAddr = request.getRemoteAddr();
        Integer statusCode = (Integer) request.getAttribute("javax.servlet.error.status_code");
        LocalDateTime timestamp = LocalDateTime.now();

        System.out.printf("[%s] 错误状态：%d，请求信息：%s %s，来自IP：%s%n", timestamp, statusCode, method, requestURI, remoteAddr);

        // 返回自定义错误响应，支持页面或JSON格式
        return String.format("请求出错啦：状态码 %d，路径 %s", statusCode, requestURI);
    }
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Anurag Sharma