如何对比两个Python字典，匹配值后更新dict_2的键

首先先给出符合Python语法的输入字典示例（字符串类型的键值需要添加引号）：

dict_1 = {"exam": "student", "test": "faculty"}
dict_2 = {
    "s1": ["student as s", "advisor as a", "teacher as t"],
    "s2": ["faculty as fac", "marks as m"]
}

核心实现逻辑 #

• 遍历dict_1的键值对，作为替换映射规则
• 对dict_2的每个值（列表），检查是否存在元素包含dict_1的取值
• 匹配成功后使用dict_1对应的键作为新键，保留原dict_2的取值生成新字典

完整实现代码 #

new_dict = {}
# 遍历dict_2的所有键值对
for old_key, value_list in dict_2.items():
    # 遍历dict_1的匹配规则
    for new_key, match_str in dict_1.items():
        # 检查match_str是否存在于value_list的任意元素中
        if any(match_str in item for item in value_list):
            new_dict[new_key] = value_list
            break
# 替换原dict_2（如果需要保留原dict_2可以跳过这步）
dict_2 = new_dict
print(dict_2)

输出结果 #

{'exam': ['student as s', 'advisor as a', 'teacher as t'], 'test': ['faculty as fac', 'marks as m']}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Madhu