如何在Unix（Redhat Linux 6.9）创建目录并复制指定日期前的.log文件用于测试

Hey there, let's walk through exactly what you need to do on your RHEL 6.9 (64-bit) Dev instance—creating temp directories/folders and copying old .log files for testing:

1. Create a Temporary Directory or Custom Folder #

Option 1: System-Managed Temporary Directory #

If you need a temporary directory that the system will automatically clean up (perfect for short-term testing), use the mktemp command. It generates a unique, secure temp directory in /tmp:

mktemp -d

When you run this, it'll output the path of your new temp dir (e.g., /tmp/tmp.abc123). This directory will typically be deleted on system reboot or by the system's temp file cleaner.

Option 2: Custom Fixed Folder #

If you want a persistent folder in a specific location, use mkdir. The -p flag ensures parent directories are created if they don't exist, so you won't get errors if the path doesn't fully exist yet:

# Example: Create a folder named log_test_backup in /home/dev
mkdir -p /home/dev/log_test_backup

2. Copy .log Files Older Than a Specific Date #

To copy only .log files modified before a certain date, use the find command combined with cp—this is the most reliable way to filter files by timestamp on RHEL 6.9.

Example 1: Copy files older than a specific calendar date #

Let's say you want all .log files from /var/app/logs that were modified on or before 2024-03-01:

find /var/app/logs -type f -name "*.log" -newermt "2024-03-01" ! -newermt "2024-03-02" -exec cp {} /home/dev/log_test_backup/ \;

Breakdown of the key flags:

• -type f: Only target files (skip directories to avoid copying folder structures)
• -name "*.log": Filter for files ending in .log
• -newermt "2024-03-01" ! -newermt "2024-03-02": Select files modified on or before 2024-03-01 (this avoids edge cases with exact time of day)
• -exec cp {} /path/to/target/ \;: Copy each matching file ({}) to your target folder

Example 2: Copy files older than X days #

If you prefer to use relative time (e.g., files older than 14 days), use -mtime +14:

find /var/app/logs -type f -name "*.log" -mtime +14 -exec cp -n {} /home/dev/log_test_backup/ \;

The -n flag added to cp prevents overwriting existing files in the target folder—handy if you run this command multiple times for incremental backups.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Vishal mohan dube