JAXB解析嵌套XML仅能获取学生数据无法读取教师数据问题咨询

使用JAXB对嵌套XML做反序列化时，可正常解析学生数据，但教师节点解析结果为null，预期可同时读取学生和教师的所有数据。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<school>
    <students>
        <student>
            <firstName>A</firstName>
            <id>1</id>
            <lastName>C</lastName>
            <company>BCD</company>
            <responsibilities>
                <responsibility>Leader</responsibility>
                <responsibility>Dancer</responsibility>
                <responsibility>Reporter</responsibility>
            </responsibilities>
        </student>
        <student>
            <firstName>B</firstName>
            <id>2</id>
            <lastName>C</lastName>
            <company>EFG</company>
            <responsibilities>
                <responsibility>Singer</responsibility>
            </responsibilities>
        </student>
    </students>
    <Teachers>
        <Teacher>
            <firstName>A</firstName>
            <lastName>C</lastName>
            <responsibilities>
                <responsibility>English</responsibility>
                <responsibility>Hindi</responsibility>
                <responsibility>Softskills</responsibility>
            </responsibilities>
        </Teacher>
        <Teacher>
            <firstName>A</firstName>
            <lastName>C</lastName>
            <company>BCD</company>
            <responsibilities>
                <responsibility>Science</responsibility>
                <responsibility>Math</responsibility>
            </responsibilities>
        </Teacher>
    </Teachers>
</school>

• 字段类型定义错误：XML中<students>、<Teachers>都是单个父节点，内部包裹子节点，School类中对应字段错误定义为List类型，导致映射失败。
• 大小写匹配问题：JAXB默认严格匹配标签名与字段名，XML中<students>首字母小写、<Teachers>首字母大写、<id>首字母小写，与实体类字段名大小写不一致，未显式指定映射关系。
• 缺少getter/setter方法：Teacher、Responsibilities类未添加@Data注解，JAXB无法通过getter/setter注入属性值。
• 冗余类：单独定义的Responsibility类无用，可直接删除，Responsibilities类中用List<String>即可接收所有<responsibility>标签的文本内容。

1. School类 #

import lombok.Data;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;

@Data
@XmlRootElement(name = "school")
public class School {
    @XmlElement(name = "students")
    private Students students;
    @XmlElement(name = "Teachers")
    private Teachers teachers;
}

2. Students类 #

import lombok.Data;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;
import java.util.List;

@Data
public class Students {
    @XmlElement(name = "student")
    private List<Student> student;
}

3. Student类 #

import lombok.Data;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;

@Data
public class Student {  
    @XmlElement(name = "id")
    private long id;    
    private String firstName;   
    private String lastName;    
    private String company; 
    @XmlElement(name = "responsibilities")
    private Responsibilities responsibilities;
}

4. Responsibilities类 #

import lombok.Data;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessorType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;
import java.util.List;

@Data
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.PROPERTY)
public class Responsibilities { 
    @XmlElement(name = "responsibility")
    public List<String> responsibility;    
}

5. Teachers类 #

import lombok.Data;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;
import java.util.List;

@Data
public class Teachers {
    @XmlElement(name = "Teacher")
    private List<Teacher> teacher;
}

6. Teacher类 #

import lombok.Data;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;

@Data
public class Teacher {
    private String firstName;   
    private String lastName;
    private String company; 
    @XmlElement(name = "responsibilities")
    private Responsibilities responsibilities;
}

修正后运行主程序，即可通过entries.getTeachers().getTeacher()获取到所有教师节点数据，同时学生数据解析不受影响。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Rakshan Premsagar Kapikad