如何利用数组实现表格colspan，通过HTML/PHP在TCPDF中生成指定格式的TOP10损失时长表格

你需要的是同设备名（NAMA MESIN）行首单元格合并的分组表格，用HTML+数组分组实现最方便，TCPDF原生支持HTML的rowspan合并属性，直接生成HTML后调用writeHTML方法渲染即可，完整修改代码如下：

// THIRD TABLE 原有查询逻辑不变
$pdf->AddPage();
$pdf->SetFillColor(235, 234, 230);
$pdf->SetFont('times','BI',8);

$sql = "SELECT * FROM (SELECT merk_tmp,rusak_tmp,COUNT(merk_tmp) as frek,SUM(durasi_tmp) as durasimenit, round((SUM(durasi_tmp)/60),1) as durasijam,
        ROW_NUMBER() over (PARTITION BY merk_tmp ORDER BY durasimenit DESC) as country_rank, round((SUM(durasi_tmp) / COUNT(merk_tmp)),0) as avg
        FROM tb_tmp WHERE 1";

if(!empty($from) && !empty($end)){
    $sql .=" AND waktu_tmp BETWEEN '".$from."' and '".$end."'";
}

if(!empty($mesin)){
    $sql .= " AND merk_tmp = '".$mesin."'";
}

$sql .=" GROUP BY rusak_tmp ORDER BY merk_tmp asc, country_rank ASC) ranks WHERE country_rank <= 10";

$query= mysqli_query($connect, $sql);

// 新增：按设备名分组整理数据
$machineGroup = [];
while ($data = mysqli_fetch_array($query)) {
    $machineName = $data['merk_tmp'];
    if (!isset($machineGroup[$machineName])) {
        $machineGroup[$machineName] = [];
    }
    $machineGroup[$machineName][] = $data;
}

// 构建带合并样式的HTML表格
$html = <<<EOD
<style>
    table {
        border-collapse: collapse;
        width: 290px;
        font-family: times;
        font-size: 8px;
    }
    .title {
        background-color: #ebeae6;
        font-weight: bold;
        font-style: italic;
        text-align: center;
        padding: 5px;
        border: 1px solid #000;
    }
    th {
        background-color: #e0ebff;
        font-weight: bold;
        text-align: center;
        border: 1px solid #000;
        padding: 5px;
    }
    td {
        border: 1px solid #000;
        padding: 7px;
        text-align: center;
    }
    .machine-col {
        text-align: left;
    }
    .work-col {
        text-align: left;
    }
</style>
<table>
    <tr><td colspan="8" class="title">TOP 10 LOST TIME TOP</td></tr>
    <tr>
        <th width="80px">NAMA MESIN</th>
        <th width="20px">FREK</th>
        <th width="70px">JENIS PEKERJAAN</th>
        <th width="35px">DURATION (Minutes)</th>
        <th width="35px">DURATION (Hours)</th>
        <th width="20px">PERINGKAT</th>
        <th width="15px">%</th>
        <th width="15px">AVG</th>
    </tr>
EOD;

// 遍历分组数据生成表格行
foreach ($machineGroup as $machineName => $itemList) {
    $rowNum = count($itemList);
    $isFirst = true;
    foreach ($itemList as $item) {
        $html .= "<tr>";
        if ($isFirst) {
            // 首行输出合并后的设备名列
            $html .= "<td class='machine-col' rowspan='{$rowNum}'>{$machineName}</td>";
            $isFirst = false;
        }
        // 输出其余列数据
        $html .= "<td>{$item['frek']}</td>";
        $html .= "<td class='work-col'>{$item['rusak_tmp']}</td>";
        $html .= "<td>{$item['durasimenit']}</td>";
        $html .= "<td>{$item['durasijam']}</td>";
        $html .= "<td>{$item['country_rank']}</td>";
        // 若需要计算真实百分比，可提前统计总时长后替换此处数值
        $html .= "<td>{$item['durasijam']}</td>";
        $html .= "<td>{$item['avg']}</td>";
        $html .= "</tr>";
    }
}
$html .= "</table>";

// 渲染HTML到PDF
$pdf->writeHTML($html, true, false, true, false, '');

注意事项 #

• 列宽完全沿用你原来设置的像素值，渲染效果和原生Cell调用一致，可根据实际打印效果调整
• 如果需要百分比列显示真实占比，只需提前统计所有记录的总时长，每条数据对应时长除以总时长即可
• 后续调整样式只需修改CSS部分，比手动调用Cell/MultiCell接口维护成本低很多

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者vivie