Mac OSX11 (BigSur) 用AppleScript修改区域/国家(locale)的问题咨询

问题原因 #

你的代码存在两处核心逻辑问题，导致弹窗操作失效：

• 执行顺序颠倒：在处理重启确认弹窗之前就调用了退出系统偏好设置的命令，此时弹窗依附的父窗口已经被销毁，无法定位到sheet窗口
• 交互逻辑不稳定：使用模拟tab+回车的操作依赖界面焦点状态，兼容性差，很容易因为焦点错位失效

修正后完整代码 #

property theSettings : {"", ""}

set settings1 to {"Americas", "United States"}
set settings2 to {"Europe", "Spain"}

-- 先关闭已运行的系统偏好设置
if running of application "System Preferences" then
    try
        tell application "System Preferences" to quit
    on error
        do shell script "killall 'System Preferences'"
    end try
    delay 0.1
end if

repeat while running of application "System Preferences" is true
    delay 0.1
end repeat

-- 打开语言与地区设置页
tell application "System Preferences"
    reveal anchor "Language" of pane id "com.apple.Localization"
    activate
end tell

tell application "System Events"
    tell window "Language & Region" of process "System Preferences"
        -- 判断当前区域，切换目标配置
        if (value of pop up button "Region:" of tab group 1) is "United States" then
            set theSettings to settings2
        else
            set theSettings to settings1
        end if
        
        set {theRegion, theCountry} to theSettings
        -- 选择区域和国家
        tell pop up button "Region:" of tab group 1
            delay 0.25
            click
            delay 0.25
            click menu item theRegion of menu 1
            delay 0.25
            click menu item theCountry of menu 1 of menu item theRegion of menu 1
        end tell
    end tell
    
    delay 1
    -- 先处理重启确认弹窗
    if exists sheet 1 of window "Language & Region" of process "System Preferences" then
        tell sheet 1 of window "Language & Region" of process "System Preferences"
            activate
            -- 如果是中文系统，将按钮名替换为「不重启」即可
            click button "Don't Restart"
        end tell
    end if
    delay 0.5
    -- 处理完弹窗再退出系统偏好设置
    tell application "System Preferences" to quit
end tell

注意事项 #

运行脚本前需要给脚本运行的载体（脚本编辑器/自动操作/第三方脚本工具）开启辅助功能权限，权限入口在「系统设置→隐私与安全性→辅助功能」，勾选对应工具即可，否则系统事件的界面操作会被系统拦截。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Thierry Beliere