discord.py机器人Cogs文件加载失败报AttributeError错误求助

核心错误点 #

• 监听器装饰器拼写错误：报错明确提示discord.ext.commands没有Cogs属性，你代码中写的@commands.Cogs.listener()是错误写法，正确为单数形式@commands.Cog.listener()
• 类构造方法格式错误：UpdateCode类的初始化方法用了单下划线包裹的_init_，Python中类构造方法必须用双下划线包裹，即__init__，否则不会在类实例化时自动执行，会触发属性缺失报错
• 隐性语法问题：你定义的status循环列表里，" Schrodinger's cat ???"行末尾缺少逗号，会导致该行字符串和下一行的十六进制字符串自动拼接，不符合你预期的状态切换效果

修改后的Cogs文件代码 #

import discord
from discord.ext import commands, tasks
from itertools import cycle


class UpdateCode(commands.Cog):
    # 修正构造方法双下划线
    def __init__(self, client):
        self.client = client
        # 建议把status初始化移到构造方法里，避免on_ready重复调用时重复生成cycle实例
        self.status = cycle([
            " Unanswered Question of Life", 
            " Self - Referential Paradox", 
            " Near-infinite density?", 
            " Dark matter ?", 
            " Measurement of the speed of light in one straight line", 
            " Schrodinger's cat ???", # 补全缺失的逗号
            "436c69636b2074686973206c696e6b20666f72206672656520766275636b7320212121212121203a200a68747470733a2f2f7777772e796f75747562652e636f6d2f77617463683f763d6451773477395767586351 (try to decrypt this)",
            "The light side of Discord is the path of many unnatural abilities"
        ])

    # 修正装饰器为单数Cog
    @commands.Cog.listener()
    async def on_ready(self):
        print("We have logged in as {0.user}".format(self.client))
        # 避免重复启动任务，先判断是否已运行
        if not self.status_swap.is_running():
            self.status_swap.start()

    @tasks.loop(minutes = 5)
    async def status_swap(self):
        await self.client.change_presence(activity = discord.Game(next(self.status)))

def setup(client):
    client.add_cog(UpdateCode(client))

可选优化（针对主文件） #

1. 权限限制：给load、unload指令增加管理员权限校验，避免普通用户随意操作Cog加载：

@client.command()
@commands.has_permissions(administrator=True)
async def load(ctx, extension):
    client.load_extension(f"cogs.{extension}")
    await ctx.send(f"已加载{extension}")

@client.command()
@commands.has_permissions(administrator=True)
async def unload(ctx, extension):
    client.unload_extension(f"cogs.{extension}")
    await ctx.send(f"已卸载{extension}")

2. 意图配置：如果使用的是discord.py v2.x版本，需要显式配置网关意图，否则指令无法正常触发：

# 主文件初始化Bot前添加
intents = discord.Intents.default()
intents.message_content = True # 开启消息内容读取权限，需要在Discord开发者后台也开启对应开关
client = commands.Bot(command_prefix = "!", intents=intents)

3. v2.x适配：discord.py v2.x中add_cog为异步方法，需要修改Cogs的setup方法为异步写法：

# Cogs文件中的setup方法修改为
async def setup(client):
    await client.add_cog(UpdateCode(client))

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Daniesh Rieza