Tkinter猜牌游戏更新图片首次成功 二次调用报PhotoImage无configure属性错误

核心错误原因 #

报错的直接原因是你在get_new_card函数中错误覆盖了label_image变量：
首次调用get_new_card时，label_image是你初始化创建的tk.Label控件对象，调用configure方法正常；但执行完label_image.configure(image=new_card)之后，你写了label_image = new_card，直接把全局的label_image变量赋值成了ImageTk.PhotoImage类型的图片对象，第二次调用get_new_card时，自然就不存在configure方法了。

同时你的代码还存在两个需要同步修复的问题：

• Tkinter图片引用丢失问题：PhotoImage对象如果没有被持续引用，会被Python垃圾回收，导致界面上图片显示空白，需要单独用全局变量保存当前使用的图片对象
• 业务逻辑错误：当前代码不管玩家猜测对错都会累加正确次数，且直接比较文件名字符串判断点数大小的逻辑错误，需要提取文件名中的数字转为整数再比较

具体修复步骤 #

1. 新增全局变量保存当前图片引用，不要覆盖label_image这个Label控件变量
2. 删除get_new_card中label_image = new_card这行错误代码，改为用新增的全局变量保存新生成的图片对象
3. 修正猜牌判断逻辑：提取文件名中的数字转为整数后再比较大小，猜对调用count_right，猜错调用count_wrong
4. 修正代码中原有的缩进错误

修正后完整代码 #

import tkinter as tk
from PIL import ImageTk, Image
import random

# increase right counter
def count_right():
    global right_num
    right_num.set(right_num.get() + 1)
    print("Count 'Right guesses' increased")

# increase wrong counter
def count_wrong():
    global wrong_num
    wrong_num.set(wrong_num.get() + 1)
    print("Count 'Wrong guesses' increased")

# GUI
window = tk.Tk()
window.title('Guess the card')
window.geometry('300x480')
window.resizable(False, False)

# DEFINITIONS
# define counter variables
right_num = tk.IntVar()
wrong_num = tk.IntVar()
right_num.set(0)
wrong_num.set(0)

# define labels
label_top = tk.Label(text='Will the next card be higher or lower?', width=30, height=3)
label_right = tk.Label(text='Right guesses:', width=50, height=2)
label_right_num = tk.Label(textvariable=right_num, width=50, height=2)
label_wrong = tk.Label(text='Wrong guesses:', width=50, height=2)
label_wrong_num = tk.Label(textvariable=wrong_num, width=50, height=2)
label_space1 = tk.Label(text='', width=50, height=1)
label_space2 = tk.Label(text='', width=50, height=1)

# image
# program opens the same card when opening
current_img = '26.jpg'
previous_img = ''
img_start = ImageTk.PhotoImage(Image.open(current_img))
current_photo = img_start # 保存图片引用，防止被GC回收

label_image = tk.Label(image = img_start) 

#function to change image
def get_new_card():
    global label_image, current_img, previous_img, current_photo
    # save state of current card
    previous_img = current_img
    # gen new card
    current_img = str(random.randint(1, 52)) + '.jpg'
    new_card = ImageTk.PhotoImage(Image.open(current_img))
    label_image.configure(image=new_card)
    current_photo = new_card # 更新图片引用
    print('Card updated')

def press_higher():
    global current_img, previous_img
    # check if new card higher or lower than previous card
    get_new_card()
    current_num = int(current_img.split('.')[0])
    prev_num = int(previous_img.split('.')[0])
    if current_num > prev_num:
        count_right()
    else:
        count_wrong()

def press_lower():
    global current_img, previous_img
    # check if new card higher or lower than previous card
    get_new_card()
    current_num = int(current_img.split('.')[0])
    prev_num = int(previous_img.split('.')[0])
    if current_num < prev_num:
        count_right()
    else:
        count_wrong()

# define buttons
button_higher = tk.Button(text='Higher', width=15, height=2, command = press_higher)
button_lower = tk.Button(text='Lower', width=15, height=2, command = press_lower)

# PACKS:
label_top.pack()  
label_image.pack()
label_space2.pack()
button_higher.pack()
button_lower.pack()
label_space1.pack()
label_right.pack()
label_right_num.pack()
label_wrong.pack()
label_wrong_num.pack()

# create mainloop to keep running the script
window.mainloop()

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Criomby