如何通过AppleScript修改plist实现Dock指定应用的添加与移除

报错原因 #

你写的脚本报错是因为com.apple.dock.plist中没有直接以应用名作为键的顶级属性，所有固定到Dock的应用都存储在persistent-apps数组下，每个数组元素是字典结构，应用名称存放在字典内tile-data的file-label字段中，直接查找顶级的Firefox.app键自然会找不到对应的属性项。

功能实现脚本 #

删除Dock指定应用 #

-- 替换为你要删除的应用名称，无需带.app后缀
set targetApp to "Firefox"
set dockPlist to (path to preferences folder as text) & "com.apple.dock.plist"

tell application "System Events"
    tell property list file dockPlist
        set appList to value of property list item "persistent-apps"
        set filteredList to {}
        repeat with appItem in appList
            if |file-label| of (|tile-data| of appItem) ≠ targetApp then
                copy contents of appItem to end of filteredList
            end if
        end repeat
        set value of property list item "persistent-apps" to filteredList
    end tell
end tell

-- 重启Dock生效
do shell script "killall Dock"

向Dock添加指定应用 #

推荐直接用shell命令实现，语法更简单，只需替换路径为目标应用的实际路径即可：

defaults write com.apple.dock persistent-apps -array-add "<dict><key>tile-data</key><dict><key>file-data</key><dict><key>_CFURLString</key><string>file:///Applications/Firefox.app</string><key>_CFURLStringType</key><integer>15</integer></dict></dict></dict>" && killall Dock

如果需要用纯AppleScript实现，可以用以下代码：

-- 替换为目标应用的绝对路径
set appPath to "/Applications/Firefox.app"
set dockPlist to (path to preferences folder as text) & "com.apple.dock.plist"

tell application "System Events"
    set targetApp to POSIX file appPath as alias
    set appName to name of targetApp
    -- 构造标准Dock应用项结构
    set newItem to {|tile-data|:{|file-label|:appName, |file-data|:{|_CFURLString|:("file://" & POSIX path of targetApp), |_CFURLStringType|:15}}, |tile-type|:"file-tile"}
    -- 写入plist
    tell property list file dockPlist
        set appList to value of property list item "persistent-apps"
        copy newItem to end of appList
        set value of property list item "persistent-apps" to appList
    end tell
end tell

do shell script "killall Dock"

注意事项 #

• 操作前可先备份Dock配置：执行命令 defaults export com.apple.dock ~/dock_backup.plist，需要恢复时执行 defaults import com.apple.dock ~/dock_backup.plist && killall Dock 即可
• 应用名称、路径需和实际完全匹配，大小写敏感
• 系统内置应用（如访达、信息）的存储路径为/System/Applications/，添加时需填写对应完整路径

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Mohammad