GCP创建实例时通过PHP SDK设置setMetadata启动脚本问题求助

错误点说明 #

• 变量定义顺序错误：你编写的启动脚本元数据初始化代码位置滞后于Instance对象的初始化逻辑，调用setMetadata时$metaData变量尚未定义，自然无法生效
• 参数格式错误：setMetadata方法接收的是Metadata对象实例，你额外包裹了一层数组，不符合SDK参数要求
• 启动脚本格式缺失：Linux环境下执行的启动脚本需要在开头指定脚本解释器#!/bin/bash，否则可能无法正常执行

完整可运行代码 #

namespace Google\Cloud\Samples\Compute;
require_once 'vendor/autoload.php';

use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\InstancesClient;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\AttachedDisk;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\AttachedDiskInitializeParams;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\Instance;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\NetworkInterface;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\Operation;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\ZoneOperationsClient;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\AccessConfig;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\Items;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\Metadata;

function create_instance() {
    $projectId = 'impactful-name-324714';
    $zone = 'us-central1-c';
    $instanceName = 'test1-micro';
    $machineType = 'e2-micro';
    $sourceImage = 'projects/centos-cloud/global/images/family/centos-7';
    $networkName = 'global/networks/default';
    $networkTier = 'PREMIUM';
    // 拼接实例规格完整路径
    $machineTypeFullName = sprintf('zones/%s/machineTypes/%s', $zone, $machineType);

    // 配置实例启动磁盘参数
    $diskInitializeParams = (new AttachedDiskInitializeParams())
        ->setSourceImage($sourceImage);
    $disk = (new AttachedDisk())
        ->setBoot(true)
        ->setInitializeParams($diskInitializeParams);

    // 配置网络和公网IP参数
    $accessConfig = (new AccessConfig())
        ->setName('PREMIUM')
        ->setNetworkTier($networkTier);
    
    $network = (new NetworkInterface())
        ->setAccessConfigs([$accessConfig]);

    // 提前初始化启动脚本元数据
    $metaItems = (new Items())
        ->setKey('startup-script')
        ->setValue('#!/bin/bash
# 下方替换为你需要执行的命令
yum install -y httpd
systemctl start httpd
systemctl enable httpd
echo "实例启动脚本执行成功" > /root/startup_log.txt');
    $metaData = (new Metadata())
        ->setItems([$metaItems]);
    
    // 组装实例配置
    $instance = (new Instance())
        ->setName($instanceName)
        ->setDisks([$disk])
        ->setMachineType($machineTypeFullName)
        ->setNetworkInterfaces([$network])
        ->setMetadata($metaData); // 直接传入Metadata对象，不需要外层数组
        
    // 发起实例创建请求
    $instancesClient = new InstancesClient();
    $operation = $instancesClient->insert($instance, $projectId, $zone);

    // 等待实例创建完成
    if ($operation->getStatus() === Operation\Status::RUNNING) {
        $operationClient = new ZoneOperationsClient();
        $operationClient->wait($operation->getName(), $projectId, $zone);
    }

    printf('Created instance %s' . PHP_EOL, $instanceName);
}
putenv('GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS=keyfile.json');
create_instance();

验证方法 #

• 实例创建完成后，在GCP控制台进入实例详情页，下拉到「元数据」板块，即可看到startup-script字段和对应的值
• 启动脚本默认执行日志会写入实例的/var/log/messages文件，你也可以在脚本中自定义输出日志文件方便排查

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Samir Elaissaoui