从Wildfly10/Java9迁到Wildfly24/Java16后WAR启动找不到javax.faces.application.ApplicationFactory

异常信息 #

11:37:44,290 SEVERE [javax.faces] (ServerService Thread Pool -- 89) Unable to obtain InjectionProvider from init time FacesContext. Does this container implement the Mojarra Injection SPI?
11:37:44,292 SEVERE [javax.faces] (ServerService Thread Pool -- 89) Application was not properly initialized at startup, could not find Factory: javax.faces.application.ApplicationFactory. Attempting to find backup.
11:37:44,293 ERROR [org.jboss.msc.service.fail] (ServerService Thread Pool -- 89) MSC000001: Failed to start service jboss.deployment.unit."myApplication.war".undertow-deployment: org.jboss.msc.service.StartException in service jboss.deployment.unit."myApplication.war".undertow-deployment: java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Could not find backup for factory javax.faces.application.ApplicationFactory.
...
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Could not find backup for factory javax.faces.application.ApplicationFactory.

根因分析 #

异常的核心原因是JSF实现冲突：
Wildfly 24默认内置了Mojarra作为官方JSF实现，而你的WAR包中自行打包了Apache MyFaces的JSF实现，两个实现在初始化时抢占ApplicationFactory等核心工厂类的注册，导致容器找不到可用的工厂实例。

可落地解决方案 #

• 方案1：使用容器自带JSF实现
  如果不需要自定义MyFaces版本，直接在打包配置中将所有org.apache.myfaces相关依赖的scope设置为provided，确保WAR包的WEB-INF/lib目录下不存在MyFaces相关jar包，直接使用Wildfly内置的Mojarra实现即可。
• 方案2：强制使用自定义MyFaces实现
  如果业务必须依赖特定版本的MyFaces，需要在WEB-INF目录下新增jboss-deployment-structure.xml配置，主动排除容器内置的JSF模块：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<jboss-deployment-structure>
    <deployment>
        <exclusions>
            <!-- 排除容器自带的JSF API和实现模块 -->
            <module name="javax.faces.api" />
            <module name="org.jboss.as.jsf" />
            <module name="com.sun.jsf-impl" />
        </exclusions>
    </deployment>
</jboss-deployment-structure>

• 方案3：版本兼容性校验

1. 确认你使用的MyFaces版本同时支持Java 16和Wildfly 24对应的JSF 3.0 API规范，低于适配版本的话需要升级MyFaces
2. 检查WEB-INF/faces-config.xml的头部版本声明，和你使用的JSF实现版本保持一致
3. Java 16对反射权限做了严格限制，如果后续出现反射访问异常，可在Wildfly启动参数中添加--add-opens java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED等对应权限开放配置

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者siddy