如何在R中构造电价与可再生能源发电量的联合频率分布表

以下两种方案均可实现需求，默认按照电价0-200欧元（20欧元间隔共10组）、可再生能源发电量0-100000MWh（10000MWh间隔共10组）的规则分组，可根据实际数据范围调整区间边界。

步骤1：构造示例数据 #

df <- structure(list(DATE = structure(c(18628, 18629, 18630, 18631, 
18632, 18633, 18634, 18635, 18636, 18637, 18638, 18639, 18640, 
18641, 18642, 18643, 18644, 18645, 18646, 18647), class = "Date"), 
    price = c(45.5804166666667, 47.11125, 43.4683333333333, 47.4579166666667, 
    50.8945833333333, 52.84375, 44.64375, 55.7233333333333, 51.64125, 
    51.9604166666667, 51.6475, 52.4683333333333, 67.7625, 46.1591666666667, 
    63.68875, 50.955, 53.9758333333333, 66.94625, 71.73, 63.4458333333333
    ), RES = c(23534.08, 21286.57, 42159.53, 45660.36, 36967.42, 
    33727.61, 45660.92, 59931.54, 48146.49, 48424.06, 60207.69, 
    45786.85, 38909.96, 49843.98, 43003.73, 41491, 41655.27, 
    42133.29, 31207.87, 36045.62)), row.names = c(NA, 20L), class = "data.frame")

方法1：基础R实现 #

无需加载额外依赖包，代码如下：

# 1. 按规则给两个变量分组
df$price_grp <- cut(
  df$price, 
  breaks = seq(0, 200, by = 20), # 20欧元间隔，共10组
  include.lowest = TRUE, # 包含区间最小值，避免边界值丢失
  right = TRUE # 区间左开右闭，可按需调整
)
df$res_grp <- cut(
  df$RES,
  breaks = seq(0, 100000, by = 10000), # 10000MWh间隔，共10组
  include.lowest = TRUE
)

# 2. 生成计数型联合频率表
joint_count <- table(电价分组 = df$price_grp, 可再生能源发电量分组 = df$res_grp)

# 3. 如需生成占比型联合频率表，执行以下代码
joint_prop <- prop.table(joint_count)

方法2：tidyverse实现 #

输出格式更易后续处理，需提前加载dplyr和tidyr包：

library(dplyr)
library(tidyr)

joint_freq <- df %>%
  mutate(
    电价分组 = cut(price, breaks = seq(0, 200, 20), include.lowest = T),
    可再生能源发电量分组 = cut(RES, breaks = seq(0, 100000, 10000), include.lowest = T)
  ) %>%
  count(电价分组, 可再生能源发电量分组, name = "频数") %>%
  pivot_wider(
    names_from = 可再生能源发电量分组, 
    values_from = 频数, 
    values_fill = 0 # 空组填充为0
  )

额外说明 #

• 如需自定义区间显示标签，可给cut函数添加labels参数，例如labels = paste0(seq(0,180,20),"-",seq(20,200,20),"€")
• 如果数据存在超出当前设置区间的极值，调整seq的起始、终止值即可
• 如需添加边际合计，可对生成的频率表使用addmargins()函数

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Iro