electron-builder打包NSIS报access denied权限错误如何解决

我使用electron-builder打包应用时出现access denied错误，网传该问题可能和防火墙相关，以下是对应的排查解决方法整理。

错误信息 #

C:\Users\dell\AppData\Local\electron-builder\Cache\nsis\566152007 C:\Users\dell\AppData\Local\electron-builder\Cache\nsis\nsis-3.0.4.1: Access is denied.
  ⨯ ENOENT: no such file or directory, copyfile 'C:\Users\dell\AppData\Local\electron-builder\Cache\nsis\nsis-3.0.4.1\elevate.exe' -> 'C:\Users\dell\Desktop\opcoin\download\app\dist\win-unpacked\resources\elevate.exe'  failedTask=build stackTrace=Error: ENOENT: no such file or directory, copyfile 'C:\Users\dell\AppData\Local\electron-builder\Cache\nsis\nsis-3.0.4.1\elevate.exe' -> 'C:\Users\dell\Desktop\opcoin\download\app\dist\win-unpacked\resources\elevate.exe' 
    at processImmediate (internal/timers.js:461:21)
From previous event:
    at NsisTarget.buildInstaller (C:\Users\dell\Desktop\opcoin\download\app\node_modules\app-builder-lib\src\targets\nsis\NsisTarget.ts:223:29)
    at NsisTarget.finishBuild (C:\Users\dell\Desktop\opcoin\download\app\node_modules\app-builder-lib\src\targets\nsis\NsisTarget.ts:129:9)
    at async Promise.all (index 1)
    at AsyncTaskManager.awaitTasks (C:\Users\dell\Desktop\opcoin\download\app\node_modules\builder-util\src\asyncTaskManager.ts:65:25)
    at Packager.doBuild (C:\Users\dell\Desktop\opcoin\download\app\node_modules\app-builder-lib\src\packager.ts:453:5)
    at Object.executeFinally (C:\Users\dell\Desktop\opcoin\download\app\node_modules\builder-util\src\promise.ts:12:14)
    at Packager._build (C:\Users\dell\Desktop\opcoin\download\app\node_modules\app-builder-lib\src\packager.ts:376:31)
    at Packager.build (C:\Users\dell\Desktop\opcoin\download\app\node_modules\app-builder-lib\src\packager.ts:337:12)
    at Object.executeFinally (C:\Users\dell\Desktop\opcoin\download\app\node_modules\builder-util\src\promise.ts:12:14)
npm ERR! code ELIFECYCLE

package.json配置 #

{
  "name": "opcoin",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "description": "OpCoin Grabber",
  "main": "app.js",
  "scripts": {
    "start": "electron .",
    "dist": "electron-builder",
    "test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1"
  },
  "keywords": [],
  "author": "",
  "license": "ISC",
  "devDependencies": {
    "electron": "^14.0.1",
    "electron-builder": "^22.11.7"
  },
  "build": {
    "appId": "com.aryaanish.opcoin",
    "productName": "Op Coin Grabber",
    "target": "NSIS",
    "nsis": {
      "allowToChangeInstallationDirectory": true,
      "oneClick": false
    },
    "win": {
      "icon": "build/icon.ico"
    }
  }
}

临时解决方案 #

重启电脑后问题可暂时解决。

规范排查解决步骤 #

• 清除electron-builder缓存：删除C:\Users\你的用户名\AppData\Local\electron-builder\Cache整个目录，重新执行打包命令，工具会自动重新下载缺失的NSIS相关依赖文件
• 以管理员权限运行终端：右键点击你使用的CMD/PowerShell/VS Code终端，选择「以管理员身份运行」后再执行打包命令，避免普通用户权限不足导致文件读写失败
• 检查杀毒软件/防火墙拦截：打开Windows安全中心，在「病毒和威胁防护」的「保护历史记录」中查看是否有对elevate.exe、NSIS相关文件的拦截记录，若有则将electron-builder缓存目录和项目目录加入白名单
• 清理项目编译产物：删除项目根目录下的dist文件夹和node_modules/.cache目录后重新打包
• 升级electron-builder版本：当前使用的22.11.7属于较旧版本，可执行npm install electron-builder@latest --save-dev升级到最新稳定版，修复官方已知的权限相关问题

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Arya Anish