Xcode 13使用SPM构建时出现Argument list too long错误如何解决？

问题现象 #

在项目中使用SPM（Swift Package Manager）管理依赖，通过Xcode 13构建项目时出现Argument list too long报错，排查后发现构建参数中存在大量重复的-F /Users/renat/DerivedData/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/PackageFrameworks标识，完整构建日志片段如下：

CompileSwiftSources normal x86_64 com.apple.xcode.tools.swift.compiler (in target 'TryToReproduce' from project 'MyProject')
    cd /Users/renat/Sources/MyProject
    export DEVELOPER_DIR\=/Applications/Xcode-13.0.0.app/Contents/Developer
    export SDKROOT\=/Applications/Xcode-13.0.0.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/SDKs/iPhoneSimulator15.0.sdk
    /Applications/Xcode-13.0.0.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/swiftc

...
-I /Users/renat/DerivedData/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator
-I /Users/renat/DerivedData/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/RxCocoa
-I /Users/renat/DerivedData/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/RxRelay
-I /Users/renat/DerivedData/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/RxSwift
-I /Users/renat/DerivedData/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/TensorFlowLiteSwift
-I /Users/renat/DerivedData/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/RxCocoa
-I /Users/renat/DerivedData/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/RxRelay
-I /Users/renat/DerivedData/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/RxSwift
-F /Users/renat/DerivedData/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/PackageFrameworks
-F /Users/renat/DerivedData/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/PackageFrameworks
// 大量重复-F参数省略
-F /Users/renat/DerivedData/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator
-F /Users/renat/Sources/release-ios/ios/Pods/TensorFlowLiteC/Frameworks
-F /Users/renat/Sources/release-ios/ios/Pods/YandexMapKit
-F /Users/renat/Sources/release-ios/ios/Pods/YandexRuntime
-F /Users/renat/Sources/release-ios/ios/lib
-F /Users/renat/Sources/release-ios/iOS
...

修复方案 #

• 优先升级Xcode版本
  该问题属于Xcode 13的官方已知SPM缺陷，苹果在Xcode 13.4.1及之后的版本中修复了SPM重复添加Framework搜索路径的逻辑，升级到对应版本后即可直接解决问题。
• 必须保留Xcode 13版本的临时修复方案
  • 调整依赖链接类型：在Package.swift中显式将所有可调整的SPM依赖的库类型指定为静态库，避免动态库多次引用导致路径重复添加：

    .library(name: "xxx", type: .static, targets: ["xxx"])
    

  • 缩短构建路径：打开Xcode偏好设置 -> Locations，将DerivedData的存储路径修改为根目录下的短路径（例如/build/dd），减少每条-F参数的字符长度，暂时规避参数列表超长的问题。
  • 添加自定义编译脚本去重：在项目的Build Phases中新增一个Run Script，放在Compile Sources之前，执行参数去重逻辑，过滤重复的Framework搜索路径。
  • 混合使用CocoaPods的场景下，将Podfile中的use_frameworks!修改为use_frameworks! :linkage => :static，减少动态库数量，降低路径重复概率。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者G.Renat