Flutter 开发如何不使用第三方包实现设备 MAC 地址获取

首先明确前提：从Android 6.0（API 23）、iOS 7版本开始，系统层面已经对第三方普通应用限制了真实MAC地址的获取权限，普通应用调用相关接口只能拿到固定假值 02:00:00:00:00:00，仅系统级应用、拥有特殊白名单权限的应用才可获取真实MAC地址。

不需要引入任何外部第三方包，自行通过Flutter原生提供的Platform Channel实现跨层通信获取即可，步骤如下：

1. Flutter层定义方法通道 #

在Dart代码中创建工具类，定义和原生层通信的方法通道：

import 'package:flutter/services.dart';

class MacAddressGetter {
  // 通道名称要和原生层保持一致，避免冲突
  static const MethodChannel _macChannel = MethodChannel('custom_channel/mac_address');

  static Future<String?> getDeviceMac() async {
    try {
      final String? macAddr = await _macChannel.invokeMethod('getMac');
      return macAddr;
    } on PlatformException catch (_) {
      return null;
    }
  }
}

调用时直接执行 MacAddressGetter.getDeviceMac() 即可拿到返回结果。

2. Android端原生适配 #

• 先在 android/app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml 中添加必要权限：

  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
  

• 修改 android/app/src/main/kotlin/你的包名路径/MainActivity.kt 代码，实现方法通道回调：

  import android.net.wifi.WifiManager
  import io.flutter.embedding.android.FlutterActivity
  import io.flutter.embedding.engine.FlutterEngine
  import io.flutter.plugin.common.MethodChannel
  
  class MainActivity : FlutterActivity() {
    private val CHANNEL = "custom_channel/mac_address"
  
    override fun configureFlutterEngine(flutterEngine: FlutterEngine) {
      super.configureFlutterEngine(flutterEngine)
      MethodChannel(flutterEngine.dartExecutor.binaryMessenger, CHANNEL).setMethodCallHandler { call, result ->
        if (call.method == "getMac") {
          result.success(getMac())
        } else {
          result.notImplemented()
        }
      }
    }
  
    private fun getMac(): String {
      val wifiManager = applicationContext.getSystemService(WIFI_SERVICE) as WifiManager
      return wifiManager.connectionInfo.macAddress
    }
  }
  

3. iOS端原生适配 #

修改 ios/Runner/AppDelegate.swift 代码，实现方法通道回调：

import UIKit
import Flutter

@UIApplicationMain
@objc class AppDelegate: FlutterAppDelegate {
  override func application(
    _ application: UIApplication,
    didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [UIApplication.LaunchOptionsKey: Any]?
  ) -> Bool {
    let controller : FlutterViewController = window?.rootViewController as! FlutterViewController
    let macChannel = FlutterMethodChannel(name: "custom_channel/mac_address", binaryMessenger: controller.binaryMessenger)
    macChannel.setMethodCallHandler({
      (call: FlutterMethodCall, result: FlutterResult) -> Void in
      guard call.method == "getMac" else {
        result(FlutterMethodNotImplemented)
        return
      }
      // iOS 7+ 普通应用无法获取真实MAC，可返回固定值或使用identifierForVendor替代
      result(UIDevice.current.identifierForVendor?.uuidString ?? "02:00:00:00:00:00")
    })
    GeneratedPluginRegistrant.register(with: self)
    return super.application(application, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions: launchOptions)
  }
}

• 如果你需要做设备唯一标识，不要依赖MAC地址，安卓端可以使用AndroidId、iOS端使用identifierForVendor替代，这两个值是普通应用可正常获取、且足够满足大部分设备标识需求的参数。
• 仅企业内部定制应用可通过申请系统级权限、ROOT/越狱等特殊方式拿到真实MAC地址，面向公开市场的应用无法实现该需求。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Rajat Palankar