Python Telegram Bot跨文件导入运行时变量被重置问题求解

问题原因 #

两个脚本是独立运行的进程，内存空间完全隔离。你通过import main导入的只是当前进程重新加载的main模块初始值，完全拿不到后台持续运行的main.py进程里修改后的运行时变量。

可行解决方案 #

方案1：持久化存储共享数据（最快捷适配你现有逻辑） #

用JSON文件作为中间存储，main.py修改变量后写入文件，message_sender.py直接读文件拿数据，不需要import main。

步骤1：新增公共配置文件common.py，放两边都要用到的公共内容

# common.py
BOT_TOKEN = "<MY-BOT-TOKEN>"
message_list = {
    '1': 'First day',
    '2': 'Second day'
}

步骤2：修改main.py，读写JSON文件同步变量

from datetime import timedelta, datetime, timezone
import time
import telebot
import json
import os
from common import BOT_TOKEN, message_list

bot = telebot.TeleBot(BOT_TOKEN)
CONFIG_PATH = "runtime_config.json"

# 初始化变量，优先读本地配置
user_id = 1
date_of_start = 0
if os.path.exists(CONFIG_PATH):
    with open(CONFIG_PATH, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
        config = json.load(f)
        user_id = config.get("user_id", 1)
        date_of_start = config.get("date_of_start", 0)

# 变量更新后同步写入配置的工具函数
def save_config():
    with open(CONFIG_PATH, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
        json.dump({"user_id": user_id, "date_of_start": date_of_start}, f)

@bot.message_handler(commands=['start'])
def start_every_day_message(message):
    global user_id, date_of_start
    user_id = message.from_user.id
    date_of_start = int(datetime.today().day)
    save_config() # 修改变量后存文件
    bot.send_message(user_id, 'You start every day spamming')

@bot.message_handler(commands=['stop'])
def stop_every_day_message(message):
    global date_of_start
    bot.send_message(user_id, "You stop your every day spamming")
    date_of_start = 0
    save_config() # 修改变量后存文件
    print(date_of_start, user_id)

if __name__ == '__main__': 
    try:
        bot.polling(none_stop=True)
    except Exception as e:
       print(e) 
       time.sleep(15)

步骤3：修改message_sender.py，直接读配置文件拿数据

import json
import telebot
from datetime import datetime
from common import BOT_TOKEN, message_list

# 读配置
with open("runtime_config.json", "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
    config = json.load(f)
user_id = config["user_id"]
date_of_start = config["date_of_start"]

bot = telebot.TeleBot(BOT_TOKEN)
this_day = int(datetime.today().day)
current_diferience = 0

# 后面的日期计算逻辑保持不变即可
if this_day - date_of_start < 0:
    month = int(datetime.today().month) -1
    year = int(datetime.today().year)
    if month in [0,1,3,5,7,8,10]:
        current_diferience = this_day - date_of_start + 31
    elif month == 2:
        current_diferience = this_day - date_of_start + 29 if year %4 ==0 else 28
    else:
        current_diferience = this_day - date_of_start + 30
else:
    current_diferience = this_day - date_of_start
if current_diferience <= 30:
    bot.send_message(user_id, message_list.get(str(current_diferience), "今日无预设消息"))
else:
    bot.send_message(user_id, "First day")

方案2：定时任务集成到main.py（更简洁，无需跨进程） #

直接在main.py里加定时任务，不用单独跑message_sender.py，所有变量同进程共享，不需要额外存文件。
需要先安装依赖：pip install apscheduler
修改后的main.py示例：

from datetime import timedelta, datetime, timezone
import time
import telebot
from apscheduler.schedulers.background import BackgroundScheduler
from common import BOT_TOKEN, message_list

bot = telebot.TeleBot(BOT_TOKEN)
user_id=1
date_of_start=0

# 每日发送消息的逻辑，直接放在main里
def send_daily_message():
    if date_of_start == 0: # 没有启动的用户就不发
        return
    this_day = int(datetime.today().day)
    current_diferience = 0
    if this_day - date_of_start < 0:
        month = int(datetime.today().month) -1
        year = int(datetime.today().year)
        if month in [0,1,3,5,7,8,10]:
            current_diferience = this_day - date_of_start + 31
        elif month == 2:
            current_diferience = this_day - date_of_start + 29 if year %4 ==0 else 28
        else:
            current_diferience = this_day - date_of_start + 30
    else:
        current_diferience = this_day - date_of_start
    if current_diferience <= 30:
        bot.send_message(user_id, message_list.get(str(current_diferience), "今日无预设消息"))
    else:
        bot.send_message(user_id, "First day")

@bot.message_handler(commands=['start'])
def start_every_day_message(message):
    global user_id
    user_id = message.from_user.id
    global date_of_start
    date_of_start = int(datetime.today().day)
    bot.send_message(user_id, 'You start every day spamming')

@bot.message_handler(commands=['stop'])
def stop_every_day_message(message):
    bot.send_message(user_id, "You stop your every day spamming")
    global date_of_start
    print(date_of_start, user_id)
    date_of_start = 0

if __name__ == '__main__': 
    # 启动后台定时任务，每天8点发消息，时间可以自己改
    scheduler = BackgroundScheduler()
    scheduler.add_job(send_daily_message, 'cron', hour=8, minute=0)
    scheduler.start()
    try:
        bot.polling(none_stop=True)
    except Exception as e:
       print(e) 
       time.sleep(15)

方案3：多用户扩展可选 #

如果后续需要支持多个用户同时使用，推荐用SQLite轻量数据库存储每个用户的user_id、启动时间等数据，读写更安全，也支持多进程访问。

注意 #

你当前的代码只支持单个用户使用，如果要支持多用户，不要用全局变量存单个user_id，要改成存储用户ID和对应启动时间的映射结构，配合JSON/SQLite存储即可。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Mr. Shiz