Python 3.9工作网络请求接口报[Errno 11001] getaddrinfo failed错误

• 核心错误Errno 11001 getaddrinfo failed属于DNS解析失败，仅在工作网络下运行大体积CSV时出现，说明问题出在工作网络的限制策略：短时间内大量重复DNS查询触发了公司DNS服务器/防火墙的限流规则，小文件请求量低未触及阈值、其他网络无对应限制所以运行正常。
• 当前脚本每次调用requests.post/requests.put都会新建独立连接，每次都要重新发起DNS解析，进一步放大了DNS请求量，加速触发限流。

1. 复用Session连接（优先级最高，改造成本最低） #

使用requests的Session对象复用TCP连接，自动缓存DNS解析结果，大幅降低DNS查询次数。

2. 添加错误重试+请求间隔 #

捕获连接类异常，配置自动重试逻辑，同时增加每条请求的间隔，降低触发限流的概率。

3. 兜底方案：本地Hosts绑定 #

如果上述调整还是触发限制，可以直接在系统hosts文件添加域名IP绑定，绕开DNS查询：

# 替换为实际的域名对应IP
1xx.xx.xx.xx vaccine-verify-v1.services.school.edu

修改后完整代码 #

import timeit
import time
import requests
from requests.adapters import HTTPAdapter
from urllib3.util.retry import Retry

start = timeit.default_timer() 

url = 'https://vaccine-verify-v1.services.school.edu/api/verify' 
client_id = "abc"
client_secret = "123"

# 全局初始化Session，复用连接和DNS缓存
session = requests.Session()
# 配置重试策略：连接错误、DNS失败等场景最多重试3次，重试间隔逐次增加
retry_strategy = Retry(
    total=3,
    backoff_factor=1,
    status_forcelist=[429, 500, 502, 503, 504],
    allowed_methods=["POST", "PUT"]
)
adapter = HTTPAdapter(max_retries=retry_strategy)
session.mount("https://", adapter)
session.mount("http://", adapter)

def post_vax_record(record):
    manuallyVerified = record[7].lower() == "true"
    vaxrecord = { "firstName":record[0], "lastName": record[1], "dob": record[2], "phoneNumber": (record[3] or '4444444444'), "state": record[4], "zip": record[5][:5], "campusName": "Baltimore", "instituitionId": 0, "campusSuCd": 28, "sunyLanId": record[6], "sunyStudId": 0, "ssoId": "BEL-"+record[6], "manuallyVerified": manuallyVerified }
    headers = {'Client_Id':client_id, 'Client_Secret':client_secret,'Content-Type':'application/json'}
    try:
        response = session.post(url,json=vaxrecord, headers=headers, timeout=10)
        if response:
            json_response = response.json()
            if ('message' in json_response and json_response['message'] ==  'The Student record already exists. Please use put operation to insert the record.'):
                print ('Post failed. Trying put instead')
                response = session.put(url,json=vaxrecord, headers=headers, timeout=10)
                if response:
                    print('Success on put for '+record[6])
                else:
                    print('Put failed for '+record[6])
            else: 
                print('Success on post for '+record[6])
            print(response.json())  
        else:
            print('Post failed for '+record[6]+' with error code: ')
            print(response.status_code)
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"处理记录{record[6]}时发生连接错误: {str(e)}，跳过该条记录")
    # 每条请求后加0.3秒间隔，可根据实际运行情况调整
    time.sleep(0.3)
        
import csv
with open('data_file.csv', encoding='utf-8') as csvDataFile:
    csvReader = csv.reader(csvDataFile)
    for row in csvReader:
        if row[6].upper().split('@')[1] in ("LIVE.LODI.EDU", "LODI.EDU"): 
          if row[0].upper() != "FIRSTNAME":
            row[6] = row[6].upper().split('@')[0]
            post_vax_record(row)
        else:
            print('NON-LODI EMAIL FOUND FOR '+row[1]+', '+row[0]+'. WILL NOT PROCESS RECORD!')
stop = timeit.default_timer()
print('Run Time: ', stop - start)

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者galstar