Python 3.7.3下遍历含数组的嵌套OrderedDict键值路径

嘿，我来帮你解决这个问题！你需要的是能同时遍历OrderedDict和列表（数组）的递归函数，还要输出指定格式的路径字符串。我修改了你的原函数，让它能完美处理包含数组的嵌套结构，同时调整了输出格式来匹配你的需求。

修改后的完整代码 #

from collections import OrderedDict

def list_recursive(data, root_name, path=None):
    if path is None:
        path = []
    if isinstance(data, OrderedDict):
        for k, v in data.items():
            # 递归处理OrderedDict的子元素
            yield from list_recursive(v, root_name, path + [('dict', k)])
    elif isinstance(data, list):
        for i, item in enumerate(data):
            # 递归处理列表的子元素，记录索引
            yield from list_recursive(item, root_name, path + [('list', i)])
    else:
        # 处理叶子节点，生成指定格式的路径字符串
        path_str = root_name
        for elem_type, elem_val in path:
            if elem_type == 'dict':
                path_str += f"['{elem_val}']"
            elif elem_type == 'list':
                path_str += f"[{elem_val}]"
        yield f"{path_str} = {data}"

# 测试你的示例数据
xml_order_dict = OrderedDict([
    ('breakfast_menu', OrderedDict([
        ('food', [
            OrderedDict([
                ('name', 'Belgian Waffles'),
                ('price', '$5.95'),
                ('description', 'Two of our famous Belgian Waffles with plenty of real maple syrup'),
                ('calories', '650')
            ]),
            OrderedDict([
                ('name', 'Strawberry Belgian Waffles'),
                ('price', '$7.95'),
                ('description', 'Light Belgian waffles covered with strawberries and whipped cream'),
                ('calories', '900')
            ])
        ])
    ]))
])

# 遍历并打印结果
for line in list_recursive(xml_order_dict, 'breakfast_menu'):
    print(line)

代码说明 #

1. 新增列表处理逻辑：函数现在会判断当前元素是否为list类型，遍历列表时记录每个元素的索引，将索引作为路径的一部分传递下去。
2. 路径类型标记：用('dict', key)和('list', index)的元组来区分路径中的字典键和列表索引，方便后续生成格式正确的路径字符串。
3. 输出格式定制：在叶子节点处，根据路径中的标记拼接出你需要的root_name['key'][index]['key']格式的字符串，再和值拼接成最终输出。

测试输出 #

运行上述代码后，你会得到完全符合期望的输出：

breakfast_menu['breakfast_menu']['food'][0]['name'] = Belgian Waffles
breakfast_menu['breakfast_menu']['food'][0]['price'] = $5.95
breakfast_menu['breakfast_menu']['food'][0]['description'] = Two of our famous Belgian Waffles with plenty of real maple syrup
breakfast_menu['breakfast_menu']['food'][0]['calories'] = 650
breakfast_menu['breakfast_menu']['food'][1]['name'] = Strawberry Belgian Waffles
breakfast_menu['breakfast_menu']['food'][1]['price'] = $7.95
breakfast_menu['breakfast_menu']['food'][1]['description'] = Light Belgian waffles covered with strawberries and whipped cream
breakfast_menu['breakfast_menu']['food'][1]['calories'] = 900

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者esp0xdeadbeef